lecture 9: Changes in the Circulatory and Respiratory Systems at Birth

Question 1

fetal respiratory and circulatory conditions include?

Answer 1

• lungs are small and collapsed.
• lungs filled with amniotic fluid
• lung volume too small to allow complete output of right atrium through lung circuit
• there is enough blood flow to allow growth and development, but not gas transfer
• no need for gas transfer in lungs while in utero

Question 2

the _____ _____ is a connection between the sixth aortic arch (pulmonary arch) on the left side and the arch of the aorta.

Answer 2

ductus arteriosus

Question 3

the _____ ______ is a hole between the right and the left atria, allowing blood to pass from the right side to left and not get pumped to lungs.

Answer 3

foramen ovale

Question 4

the _____ _____ allows blood to skip past the lungs and join up with the blood that is being pumped out of the left ventricle.

Answer 4

ductus arteriosus

Question 5

spent blood from the the fetus goes to mom via the ______ _____.

Answer 5

umbilical artery

Question 6

remember that the distal end of the internal iliac artery is the old connection of the ______ ______ which goes toward the placenta.

Answer 6

umbilical artery

Question 7

branches off of the internal iliac artery would be?

Answer 7

• middle rectal
• internal pudendal
• inferior rectal
• inferior vesical
• superior vesical

Question 8

arterial blood from the placenta is?

Answer 8

laden with nutrients and oxygen from the mother, then comes to the fetus via the umbilical vein hooked up to the inferior vena cava

Question 9

the blood returning to the fetal heart is actually partially _____ and _____ ____.

Answer 9

oxygen, nutrient rich

Question 10

more oxygen-rich blood from inferior vena cava passes through ______ ___ over to the left side.

Answer 10

foramen ovale

Question 11

from left atrium, moderately oxygen-rich blood passes to left ventricle and then out ___ ___ ____.

Answer 11

arch of aorta

Question 12

bloood richest in oxygen and nutrients goes to _____ ___, _____, _____, and ____.

Answer 12

heart wall, head (brain),neck, arms

Question 13

somewhat more oxygen/nutrient depleted blood from superior vena cava - of course - enters ____ atrium, then ____ ventricle, then _____ _____.

Answer 13

right, right, pulmonary artery

Question 14

most of the right ventricular blood exits via the left pulmonary arterial branch - then to the _____ _____.

Answer 14

ductus arteriosus

Question 15

_____ ____ enters the infers vena cava. but soon they hook up with the hepatic portal system.

Answer 15

umbilical veins

Question 16

the right _____ ______ eventually degenerates, leaving only the left.

Answer 16

umbilical vein

Question 17

_____ _____ - a new pathway from the placenta to the upper region of the inferior vena cava bypasses the liver.

Answer 17

ductus venosus

Question 18

_____ _____ - it runs straight from the umbilical vein, bypassing the liver, to the inferior vena cava.

Answer 18

ductus venosus

Question 19

(circulatory changes at birth)
if fetal circa;story pattern were to persia after birth, right arterial blood would continuously spill to the left side via the _____ _____.

Answer 19

foramen ovale

Question 20

(circulatory changes at birth)

blood of the _____ ______ would miss the lungs and go to the aorta, mixing there.

Answer 20

pulmonary arch

Question 21

(circulatory changes at birth)

a result of _______ - is a lack of adequate oxygen in arterial blood.

Answer 21

hypoxia

Question 22

(circulatory changes at birth)

______ would be bypassed continuously, deteriorating quickly.

Answer 22

lungs

Question 23

review lecture 9: the circulatory changes at birth (all parts) I,II,III

Answer 23

review

Question 24

_____ _______ can combine with oxygen even more easily than _____ ______ - so it can pick oxygen off of the adult hemoglobin.

Answer 24

fetal hemoglobin, adult hemoglobin