Lecture 9 Flashcards
Why has there been a decrease in ice cream consumption?
People being more health conscious
Replacing with frozen yogurt
What is the nutrition profile of Ice creams, frozen yogurt and other frozen desserts?
Protein
Calcium
Vitamin A
High fat and sugar content
What the difference between sorbet and sherbet?
Sorbet has no dairy
Sherbet has some dairy
-both low in fat but contain more sugar
What are the 3 main types of frozen dessert?
- Ice cream
- Sherbets
- Water ices
What are the 3 classifications of ice cream?
Super premium
-high fat 12% or more, high quality ingredients
Premium
-Lower fat than super
Standard/economy
-meets minimum requirements for ice creams, 10% or less
-economy slightly cheaters but same ingredients
What are other types of frozen desserts?
Dippin dots
-liquid nitrogen, store in very cold temps
Halo Top
- sugar alcohols don’t get absorbed so don’t contribute energy. Can cause GI issues
- Higher in protein
Mochi Ice Cream
-Outer shell made from gelatinous rice then ice cream in the middle
Is ice cream a colloidal structure?
Yes, they are an emulsion and they re a foam and air is incorporated.
Ice cream is a colloidal structure because characterized by dispersed particles that are intermediate in size and also large particles as well
Fat in 3D network contributes to mouth feel
What structure do frozen desserts have?
Foams with air cells dispersed in a continuers liquid phase
What kind of crystals are we aiming for in ice cream?
Small crystals which contribute to a smoother texture in the ice cream
How are fine crystals achieved?
Addition of fat and protein
Addition of sugar influences the freezing point thereby affecting crystal size
Mixing during freezing
Stabilizers including vegetable gums
Rapidly cooling forms small ice crystals
How does sugar influence freezing point?
Sugar lowers the freezing point.
If too much sugar is in the mix then the freezing is delayed because it will take the crystals longer to form which results in a larger crystal.
Too little sugar and the freezing point is higher and it cools too fast
how does mixing of ice cream during freezing impact crystal size?
Constantly being stirred helps to promote small crystal formation
What are common stabilizers and what do they do?
Locus bean gum is a hydrocoroline and they bind to lots of water to increase the viscosity and interfere with crystallization
What is overrun?
Amount of ice cream obtained above the amount of mix frozen
-based on the expansion of the ice cream when making it due to whipping air into the mixture
How much air is commercial ice cream vs home-made by volume?
Commercial is 40-50% air by volume
Homemade is 30-40% air by volume
Why is there a difference between store bought and homemade overrun?
Store bought has a higher over run because they are able to better control freezing condition to keep small crystals
-They get more frothy mouth feel
What happens when were is too much or too little overrun?
Too much: Foamy, airy product (frothy)
Too little: Heavy, compact, coats textured
How do we characterize the body of ice cream?
Firmness
Resistance to rapid melting
Homemade ice cream typically has less body (no added stabilizers)
How do we characterize texture of ice cream?
Fineness of particles
Smoothness
Lightness or porosity
-fat and stabilizers help promote smoother texture
What is homogenization?
The division of fat globules into small particles
What is the point of homogenization?
To prevent separation into a cream layer
What are the characteristics of homo milk because of its increased dispersion of fat?
Has richer flavour
Increased viscosity
Is whiter
-due to light being scattered more effectively with he number of fat molecules
What are some of the ingredients of ice cream?
Milk fat Non fat milk solids Sweeteners Eggs Stabilizers and emulsifiers Acids Fruit and fruit flavourings
What does milk fat contribute to ice cream?
Amount influences the viscosity and impacts incorporation of air
- moderate viscosity is desirable
- if too thick or thin air can’t be incorporated properly