Lecture 9 Flashcards
What is an EEG, EOG and EMG?
Electroencephalogram (EEG) is for gross brain electrical activity, electrooculogram (EOG)is for eye movement and electromyogram (EMG) is for muscle activity.
What cycles occur during sleep?
During the awake time EEG patterns are low voltage, high frequency beta waves. During drowsy time alpha waves are prominent, during stage 1 sleep desyncronized theta waves are prominent, starts to become synchronized towards the end, stage 2 sleep is characterized by sleep spindles and mixed EEG activity, lastly is slow wave sleep (stage 3 and 4 sleep) progressively more delta waves. After an hour the EEG begins to resemble stage 1 or awake state and muscle tone decreases and eyes start moving rapidly (rapid eye movement sleep). In the second four hours of sleep more REM sleep is had, in the first four hours of sleep more Slow wave sleep is had.
What is REM sleep primarily associated besides eye movement?
REM sleep is associated with dreams.
What are some common myths about sleep and are they true?
External stimuli can be incorporated into dreams, dream experience runs at the same time pace as reality, all normal people dream, erections are not necessarily caused by what is occuring in a dream. People don’t only dream in black and white. Eye movements in REM sleep are probably not related to dream content.
Does sleeping help with memory?
Paired associate word list was done and mirror drawing after early vs late sleep and it was found that those who learnt the task and got early sleep were better than before sleep for the paired word list (declaritive memory) and the late sleep people were better at mirror drawing (procedural memory).
What tends to occur for sleep with age?
Younger individuals tend to spend a larger percentage time in REM sleep and have more sleep.
What did wagner et a l show?
Wagner et al showed sleep inspired insight as individuals that had sleep after the training were more likely to gain insight into problems.
What does cueing memories during sleep involve and do?
Cueing memories during sleep can be done by providing an external sleep associated with the memory, e.g odour, this will increase the likelihood of recall later on.
What does the hippocampus do during slow wave sleep and how are sleep spindles related?
The Hippocampus generates brief bursts called sharp wave ripples during slow wave sleep, during these, sequence of neurons that occured during the day are replayed rapidly. Sleep spindles co occur with these in the neocortex.
