Lecture 28 Flashcards
Can monkeys that have been isolated be rehabilitated and what behaviours increase/decrease?
isolated monkeys can be rehabilitated by placing them with younger monkeys, when placed with older monkeys they instead tend to be attacked and develop fear, this fear is extinguished by exposure to the younger, more friendly monkeys. The progression is slow, but by the end of 6 months isolates had become equal to the therapists in social behaviour while decreasing delf-directed and stereotypic behaviour (which increases with isolation). There doesn’t appear to be critical period for regaining social behaviour.
What occurs during brain growth spurts?
During growth spurts dendrites grow like crazy, this is known as sprouting, if neurons fire during this period connections will grow, neurons which don’t fire will instead be pruned during these phases. These occur more frequently during early development.
Who were two examples of deprived children and what did they show?
Oxana Malaya was born in 1983 with alcoholic parents, having spent 6 of her 8 years of her life living with dogs, she can speak, and has many behaviour problemd remedied but will be unlikely to be able to be normal. She behaved very much like dogs, showing that humans are imitators.
Genie was discovered in 1970 at 13, her father forbade others to talk to her and had 20 words by age 13, over the next 4 years she learned to express herself using sign language and never became normal, this shows the effects of deprivation.
What was common in early foster homes and what did this lead to?
Children in foster homes had deprivation from parents and a primary caregiver was common, Bowlby wrote that there were several aspects which didn’t properly develop.
Harold Skeels said they were getting adequate nutrition, warmth, cleanliness but not mental attention, he took the children to mentally retarded women for adoption. The IQ of the experimental group was higher than those in the foster home at 37 months, thirty years later 11 of the 13 participants were self-supporting married with children and had a normal IQ compared to the control groups which were much lower.
What is a critical period and sensitive period?
A critical period is a period during development when the organism is particularly susceptible to the effects of a particular experience, the effects of which are dramatic and irreversible and have sharp onset and offset points. A sensitive period is the same, but harmful effects can be altered by later events, the effects are less dramatic and it begins and ends less dramatically.
What did Dennis study to do with development?
Dennis studied 89 children with almost no social interaction and assessed their IQ two years after adoption, early age of adoption had better outcomes. This shows that early intervention is important.
What happens to brain size for neglected children?
Neglected children have smaller brain sizes, the earlier an intervention is done the more likely the childs brain will become larger.
What has happened as a result of our social evolution?
Rich social experiences of children in the past have been replaced with relatively asocial experiences of the present and also there have been increases in the extremes of whether child gets an impoverished or rich environment. This is a result of the change from large hunter gatherer tribes to small households.
What is the OECD?
OECD is the organisation for economic and co-operation and development collects statistics for many crimes, of which New Zealand is quite high for 1st world countries.
What are the four forms of child abuse?
Child abuse in the home can include psychological, physical, sexual abuse and neglect. Physical abuse is illegal, while smacking a child is illegal it is not considered physical abuse, physical abuse tends to be non open hand. Sexual abuse is cases involving some form of penetration or coerced/forced masturbation or anything anyone undder 18 found abusive or didn’t want.
