LECTURE 8: TUMOR/INFECTIONS

Question 1

most CNS tumors are

Answer 1

metastases

Question 2

most common cancer in kids

Answer 2

brain and CNS

Question 3

ADULTS epidemiology of cancers

Answer 3

meningioma
glioblastoma (worse)

Question 4

kids CNS tumor location

Answer 4

70% posterior fossa

Question 5

adults CNS tumor location

Answer 5

70% hemispheres

Question 6

brain tumor symptoms

Answer 6

1. focal neurologic symptoms
2. seizures
3. headaches
4. symptoms of high ICP

Question 7

frontal tumor symptoms

Answer 7

*may be asymptomatic
1. personality
2. aphasia
3. urinary freq/urg
4. seizures
5. hemiparesis

Question 8

frontoparietal tumors symptoms

Answer 8

hemiparesis/sensory
aphasia (dom)

Question 9

temporal tumor symptoms

Answer 9

fluent aphasia
superior quadrantanopia
memory disturbance
seizures

Question 10

temporal parietal tumor

Answer 10

aphasia (fluent or conduction)

Question 11

parietal tumor

Answer 11

hemisensory loss
nonfluent aphasia
hemineglect
anosognosia
hemiparesis
HOMO HEMIANOPSIA/visual neglect

Question 12

occipital parietal

Answer 12

HOMO HEMI
visual seizures
visual agnosias

Question 13

symptoms of ICP high

Answer 13

headache
nausea
papilledema

Question 14

herniation syndromes

Answer 14

MONRO-KELLIE (CSF, blood, brain volume)
*dura septa plays key role in herniation syndromes!

Question 15

cingulate hernation

Answer 15

subfalcine

*expanding lesion pressing cerebral hemisphere under falx to contralateral side
*compression of ACA branches

Question 16

uncal herniation

Answer 16

hippocampus and uncus herniate down
*symptoms include:
1. fixed/dilated pupil CN3
2. LOC
3. hemiparesis
4. PCA infarcts

Question 17

tonsillar herniation

Answer 17

compress 4th ventricle and medulla,

lead to stiff neck, decerebrate posturing, coma

Question 18

Ependymoma, astrocytoma are

Answer 18

intramedullary

Question 19

meningioma, neurofibroma are

Answer 19

extramedullary, intradural

Question 20

metastases, lymphoma are

Answer 20

extradural

Question 21

most common CNS tumor

Answer 21

meningioma

Question 22

gliomas most commonly affect

Answer 22

frontal lobe
*glioblastoma is most common glioma

Question 23

glioma classification
grade 1
grade 2
grade 3
grade 4

Answer 23

1: pilocytic astrocytoma: slow growing
2. low grade astrocytoma/oligodendroglioma (increase cellularity)
3. anaplastic astrocytoma/oligodendroglioma (high cellularity, mitosis)
4. glioblastoma: high everything and vascular proliferation and necrosis

Question 24

(temozolamide)

Answer 24

chemotherapy

Question 25

seizure meds

Answer 25

Antiepileptic drugs (AED), usually levetiracatem (Keppra) or lacosamide (Vimpat)

Question 26

paraneoplastic disorders

Answer 26

• Polyneuropathy
• Polymyositisordermatomyositis
• Cerebellar degeneration
• Limbic and brainstem encephalitis
• Necrotizing myelopathy
• Lambert Eaton myasthenic syndrome