Lecture 8 - Trans-acting elements in gene expression Flashcards
As a process, gene expression regulation may explain why
organisms containing mostly the same DNA exhibit different cell types and functions
Gene transcriptional regulation is a fundamental part of both
tissue-specific gene expression and gene activity in response to stimuli
Trans-acting regulatory elements in eukaryotic gene expression are factors that act from
a different genomic location and can influence the expression of target genes
The main regulators of gene transcription are
transcription factors
TF function involves two basic features
- The ability to recognize and bind short, specific sequences within regulatory regions
- The ability to recruit or bind proteins that participate in transcriptional regulation
Positive activators
Determine the frequency of transcription
Negative repressors
Inhibit expression of a gene
The role of the DNA-binding domain is to
bring the transcription-activation domain into the vicinity of the promoter
The two-hybrid assay works by requiring an interaction between two proteins, where
one has a DNA-binding domain and the other has a transcription-activation domain
The two-hybrid technique tests the ability of two proteins to interact by
incorporating them into hybrid proteins
The principle that governs the function of all activators is that
a DNA-binding domain determines specificity for the target promoter or enhancer
The DNA-binding domain is responsible for localizing a transcription-activating domain in the proximity of the
basil apparatus
An activator that works directly has what two domains?
- DNA-binding
- Activating
An activator that does not have an activating domain may work by binding a
coactivator that has an active domain
The most common classification of TFs is based on the structure of their
DNA-binding domains
