Lecture 3 - Molecular tools and techniques: Part 1

Question 1

DNA polymerases are

Answer 1

the enzymes that make DNA

Question 2

3 steps in PCR

Answer 2

1. Denaturation
2. Annealing
3. Extension

Question 3

SNP stands for

Answer 3

single nucleotide polymorphism

Question 4

SNP analysis looks for

Answer 4

differences in single nucleotides to determine relationships between individuals

Question 5

Haplotype

Answer 5

The particular combination of alleles in a defined region of a single chromosome

Question 6

DNA profiling

Answer 6

A technique for analyzing the differences between individuals of the fragments generated by using restriction enzymes

Question 7

RT-PCR detects

Answer 7

the products of PCR amplification during their synthesis

Question 8

Most common detection for qPCR

Answer 8

SYBR Green

Question 9

Ct =

Answer 9

the cycle number at which there is enough amplified product to produce a detectable fluorescence signal (above the background noise)

Question 10

In DNA sequencing, classical chain termination uses __________ to terminate DNA synthesis at particular nucleotides

Answer 10

dideoxynucleotides (ddNTPs)

Question 11

Temperature to denature DNA in PCR

Answer 11

~95

Question 12

Southern blotting involves the transfer of _____ from a gel to a membrane

Answer 12

DNA

Question 13

Northern blotting is used for

Answer 13

RNA

Question 14

Western blotting is used for

Answer 14

proteins

Question 15

An epitope tag is

Answer 15

a short peptide sequence that encodes a recognition site (epitope) for an antibody

Question 16

Transgenics

Answer 16

organisms created by introducing DNA prepared in test tubes into the germ line

Question 17

An endogenous gene can be replaced by a

Answer 17

transfected gene using homologous recombination

Question 18

Knockout

Answer 18

A process in which the gene function is eliminated

Question 19

Knock-in

Answer 19

Similar to a knockout but with more subtle mutations

Question 20

Cas9 scans DNA for the

Answer 20

protospacer adjacent motif

Question 21

If Cas9 does not find any matches it

Answer 21

moves to another PAM

Question 22

In CRISPR, Cas9 contains a specific

Answer 22

sequence of interest