Lecture 8- The vascular system Flashcards

1
Q

Arterioles have smooth muscle cells that can… or..

A

vasodilate

vasoconstrict

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2
Q

What regulates the smooth muscles to constrict or relax?

A

local controls

extrinsic controls

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3
Q

2 organs that have local control

A

heart and brain
(also WORKING skeletal muscle)

(the rest are extrinsic control)

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4
Q

Local control when there is a change in metabolic activity is also called …. and the 4 steps to this that cause vasodilation are…

A

active hyperemia

  1. increase metabolic activity
  2. decrease O2, increase metabolites in organ interstitial fluid
  3. arteriolar dilation in organ
  4. increase blood flow to organ
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5
Q

The 4 steps active hyperemia that cause vasoconstriction

A
  1. decrease metabolite activity
  2. increase O2, decrease metabolites
  3. arteriolar constriction in organ
  4. decrease lood flow to organ
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6
Q

The 4 steps of flow auto regulation that results in vasodilation

A
  1. decrease MAP
  2. Decrease blood flow to organ
  3. increase metabolites, decrease O2 and vessel-wall stretch
  4. arteriolar vasodilation/ restore normal flow
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7
Q

The 4 steps of flow auto regulation that cause vasoconstriction

A
  1. increase MAP
  2. increase blood flow to organ
  3. increase O2, decrease metabolites, increase vessel wall stretch
  4. vasoconstriction
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8
Q

active hyperemia is when theres a change in …. and flow autoreglation is when theres no change in…

A

metabolic activity

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9
Q

sympathetic stimulation of alpha-adrenergic receptors causes …

A

vasocontriction to reduce blood flow

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10
Q

capillary walls are a …. cell in thickness

A

single endothelial

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11
Q

The capillary is the primary point exchange between the blood and the …

… assist in exchange

A

interstitial fluid

intercellular clefts

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12
Q

… is movement of fluid and solutes out of the blood

A

filtration

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13
Q

…. is movement of fluid and solutes into the blood

A

absorption

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14
Q

2 factors that determine fluid movement across capillaries

A

hydrostatic pressure

oncotic pressure

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15
Q

hydrostatic pressure will favor… and oncotic pressure will favor…

A

filtration (movement out of capillary)

absorption (movement into capillary)

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16
Q

3 alterations in venous return that can increase EDV which will directly increase SV and CO

A
  1. increase blood volume (water retention or increase absorption/decrease filtration)
  2. skeletal muscle pump
  3. sympathetic innervation (alpha, venoconstriction)
17
Q

blockage in lymphatics will cause

A

edema