Lecture 8- Hypersensitivity Flashcards
Response in type 1 hypersensitivity
immediate
Response in type 2 hypersensitivity
antibody-mediated
Response in type 3 hypersensitivity
immune complex-mediated
Response in type 4 hypersensitivity
T cell-mediated
Pathologic immune mechanisms in type 1 hypersensitivity
IgE, Th2 cells
Pathologic immune mechanisms in type 2 hypersensitivity
- IgM
- IgG against cell surface/extracellular matrix antigens
Pathologic immune mechanisms in type 3 hypersensitivity
Immune complexes of circulating antigens and IgM or IgG
Pathologic immune mechanisms in type 4 hypersensitivity
- Th1 and Th17
2. Cytotoxic T cells
Mechanisms of tissue injury/disease in type 1 hypersensitivity
Mast cells, eosinophils and their mediators
Mechanisms of tissue injury/disease in type 2 hypersensitivity
- Opsonization and phagocytosis
- Complement and FcR-mediated immune recruitment
Mechanisms of tissue injury/disease in type 3 hypersensitivity
Complement and FcR-mediated immune recruitment
Mechanisms of tissue injury/disease in type 4 hypersensitivity
- cytokine-mediated inflammation
2. direct target cell killing, cytokine-mediated inflammation
Type 1 hypersensitivity is often referred to as…. and occurs within minutes after…. of allergen/antigen
- allergy, atopy, immediate
- reexposure
… are synthesized via the lipoxygenase pathway and are a powerful inducer of bronchoconstriction and increased vascular permeability
Leukotrienes
…. are the most effective long term control medication for asthma and is used as a daily preventative
Inhaled Corticosteroids
Flovent, Qvar and Asmanex are examples of
inhaled corticosteroids
Albuterol is a
inhaled long-acting beta2 agonist (“rescue medication”’)
Inhaled long-acting beta2 agonists act on … to cause…
- beta-adrenergic receptors
- bronchodilation
… medications help block the chain reaction that increases inflammation in your airways
Leukotriene inhibitors
Singulair is an example of…
leukotriene inhibitors
Most severe form of immediate hypersensitivity is
anaphylaxis
Type 2 hypersensitivity is also called…
antibody dependent cytotoxicity
3 diseases of type 2 hypersensitivity (antibody dependent cytotoxicity)
- autoimmune hemolytic anemia
- graves disease
- myasthenia gravis
The target antigen of graves disease
TSH receptor
Graves disease is also called…
hyperthyroidism
Mechanism of graves disease
antibody-mediated stimulation of TSH receptors
Target antigen of myasthenia gravis
ACH receptor
Mechanism of myasthenia gravis
antibody inhibits ACH binding to receptor
Treatment of myasthenia gravis
cholinesterase inhibtors and corticosteroids
Treatment od graves disease
radioactive iodine, anti-thyroid drugs, thyroid removal
Type 3 hypersensitivity is…. mediated
immune complex-mediated
4 causes of serum sickness
- antivenome
- anti-lymphocyte globulin
- antibiotics
- streptokinase
Which hypersensitivity results in Ag-Ab complexes that clump near blood vessels attracting an acute inflammatory rxn
3
