Lecture 8: Deep Back

Question 1

Covers the deep muscles of the back and contributes to the overall organization and integrity of the region

Answer 1

Thoracolumbar fascia

Question 2

3 layers of thoracolumbar fascia in lumbar region

Answer 2

Posterior
Medial
Anterior

Question 3

Deep back groups of muscles from superficial to deep

Answer 3

• Splenius muscles .Also called (spinotransversales) , mainly in the neck
• Erector spinae: vertically oriented
• Transversospinalis: in general run superomedially, associated with vertebral column throughout back
• Segmental muscles - more of proprioception than movement of vertebral column

Question 4

Action of Splenius capitis

Answer 4

Action: Bilaterally draw head backward , extending the neck. Unilaterally draw and rotate the head to the same side

Question 5

Blood supply of splenius capitis

Innervation of splenius capitis

Answer 5

Blood:
Innervation: posterior rami of middle cervical nerves

Question 6

Action of splenius cervicis

Answer 6

Actions : together extend the neck . Individually draw and rotate the head to same side

Question 7

Blood supply of splenius cervicis

Innervation of splenius cervicis

Answer 7

Innervation : posterior rami of lower cervical nerves

Question 8

Erector spinae muscles from lateral to medial

Answer 8

Iliocosatalis
Longissimus
Spinalis

Question 9

Action of iliocostalis

Answer 9

Action: extends and laterally

flexes vertebral column

Question 10

Blood supply of iliocostalis

Nerve supply of iliocostalis

Answer 10

Blood: posterior intercostal arteries
Nerve: dorsal primary rami of cervical, thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves

Question 11

Action of longissimus

Answer 11

Action: capitis muscle extends and rotates the head;

-cervicis and thoracis muscles extend and laterally flex the vertebral column

Question 12

Blood supply of longissimus

Nerve supply of longissimus

Answer 12

Blood: posterior intercostal arteries
Nerve: dorsal primary rami of cervical, thoracic, and lumbar nerves

Question 13

Action of spinalis

Answer 13

Action: extends vertebral column

Question 14

Blood supply of spinalis

Nerve supply of spinalis

Answer 14

Blood: posterior intercostal arteries
Nerve: dorsal primary rami of cervical and thoracic spinal nerves

Question 15

Transversospinalis muscles from superficial to deep

Answer 15

Semispinalis
Multifidus
Rotatores

Question 16

Action of semispinalis

Answer 16

Action: Extends vertebral column; rotate head and vertebral column to contralateral side

Question 17

Blood supply of semispinalis

Nerve supply of semispinalis

Answer 17

Blood: posterior intercostal arteries
Nerve: dorsal rami of cervical, thoracic and lumbar spinal nerve

Question 18

Action of multifidus

Answer 18

Action: Acting bilaterally it extends the vertebral column

Acting unilaterally it rotates the trunk to the opposite side

Question 19

Blood supply of multifidus

Nerve supply of multifidus

Answer 19

Blood: posterior intercostal arteries
Nerve: dorsal rami

Question 20

Deepest back layer under multifidus

Answer 20

Rotatores

Question 21

Name the 2 groups segmental muscles

Answer 21

• The first group of segmental muscles are the levatores costarum
• The second group consists of true segmental muscles the interspinales and the intertransversarii

Question 22

Action of levatores costarum

Answer 22

Elevate ribs

Question 23

Blood supply of levatores costarum

Nerve supply of levatores costarum

Answer 23

Blood: posterior intercostal artery
Nerve: dorsal rami of C8-T11

Question 24

Action of Interspinalis

Answer 24

Postural muscle that stabilizes the adjoining vertebrae during movements of vertebral column

Question 25

Blood supply of Interspinalis

Nerve supply of Interspinalis

Answer 25

Blood: posterior intercostal artery
Nerve: dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves

Question 26

Action of Intertransversarii

Answer 26

Postural muscles that stabilize adjoining vertebrae during movements of vertebral column.

Question 27

Blood supply of intertransversarii

Nerve supply of intertransversarii

Answer 27

Blood: posterior intercostal artery
Nerve: dorsal rami of spinal nerves

Question 28

Muscle that cause stereotypical back pain

Answer 28

Erector spinae muscle

Question 29

Organ disease that refer as back pain

Answer 29

from a number of organs e.g pancreas , kidneys , enlarged lymph nodes ( Hodgkin,s lymphoma ) , abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Question 30

Rectus capitis posterior major

Answer 30

from Cv2 (axis) spinous process to occipital bone & extends head

Question 31

Rectus capitis posterior minor

Answer 31

muscle runs from posterior tubercle of Cv1 to occipital bone & it extends head

Question 32

Oliquus capitis inferior

Answer 32

arises from the spinous process of C2 vertebra and inserts into transverse of C1 vertebra.

Question 33

Obliquus capitis superior

Answer 33

arises from the transverse of C1 and inserts into the occipital bone between the superior and inferior nuchal lines .

Question 34

Suboccipital Triangle muscles are innervated by

Answer 34

posterior ramus of spinal nerve C1 (suboccipital nerve)

Question 35

Occipital artery supplies

Answer 35

splenius capitis and obliquus capitis superior

Question 36

Reduced blood supply to brain through which artery

Answer 36

Vertebral artery