Lecture 8

Question 1

What are the stages of general adaptation syndrome?

Answer 1

Alarm reaction system
Resistance stage ( Body dealt with the original stressor, but decreased resistance to other stressors)
Exhaustion stage (overall defences drop> burnout/death)

Question 2

What does the resistance stage of general adaptation syndrome propose?

Answer 2

It proposes that the body deals with the specific stressor, but resistance for other stressor decreases.

Question 3

What does the exhaustion stage of general adaptation syndrome propose?

Answer 3

It proposes that overall defenses drop

Question 4

Moderators for job stressors

Answer 4

Social support
Cognitive Appraisal
Resources

Question 5

What involves emotional labor?

Answer 5

surface and deep acting

Question 6

what is surface acting?

Answer 6

managing to fake my emotions

Question 7

what is deep acting?

Answer 7

Managing my emotions including the emotions that are required for my job (e.g empathy for my clients as psychologist)

Question 8

What are the negative effects of telecommuting (flextime)?

Answer 8

1. Interference of work and family roles
2. Social isolation
3. Cannot clearly differntiate between work and nonwork day( they all seem the same)

Question 9

what leads to low-strain job? (not much stress)

Answer 9

Low demands + High control!

yes challenge+ yes control over job

Question 10

how is stress affecting performance?

Answer 10

As the stress makes a persons arousal increase, it increases performance but that doesnt last, and the performance starts to decline.

Question 11

which 2 domains is stress affecting?

Answer 11

information processing

and performance

Question 12

Burnout definition

Answer 12

extremely psychological strain because of prolonged response to chronic job sttressors that exceed the amount of resources someone has in order to deal with them.

Question 13

Burnout results

Answer 13

Emotional exhaustion
Low personal accomplishment
Depersonalization and cynicism ( treat patients/clients like objects because of reduced sensitivity)

Question 14

Physiological consequences of stress + burnout

Answer 14

-OVERACTIVATION of sympathetic nervous system
-It is indeed evolutionary adaptive, which means those changes can improve decision making
BUT they are unstustainable: Chronic activation of SNS leads to wear and tear on coronary arteries and heart

Question 15

What does the consequence of burnout: overactication of sympathetic nervous sytem proposes?

Answer 15

It proposes that eventually the chronic activation of sympathetic nervous system results in wear and tear of coronary arteries and heart.

Question 16

what is a moderator in relationship between negative exchange relationship and burnouts?

Answer 16

communal orientation

Question 17

why is communal orientation a moderator for the relationship between negative exchange relationships and burnout?

Answer 17

because if we hire someone with high communal orientation, helping people will be intrinsically satisfying, and thus will prevent from burnouts.

Question 18

individual differences in stress susceptibility

Answer 18

type a personality:

1. achievement striving
2. hostility
3. impatience/irritability

Question 19

when there are constraints and thus frustration and dissatisfaction, low or high …. is going to moderate the consequent behavior

Answer 19

Low perceived control: destrucive behavior

High perceived control: Constructive behavior

Question 20

how reduce/manage stress?

Answer 20

problem focus coping ( managing the problem causing the stress)
emotion focused coping(managing the emotional response to the problem)
seeking social support

Question 21

what is problem focused coping?

Answer 21

managing the problem causing the stress

Question 22

what is emotional focused coping?

Answer 22

managing the emotional responses to the problem

Question 23

what are the 3 major categories for reducing stress?

Answer 23

1. primary prevention
2. secondary prevention
3. tertiary prevention

Question 24

what does primary prevention proposes?

Answer 24

Addressing the root causes:

• Selection policy (right person, right place)
• Adapting the work to individual (increase autonomy and job control)
• work and job design; cognitive reconstructing

Question 25

secondary prevention

Answer 25

modify the responses to inevitable demans of stressors (damage control approach):
Band aid approach: Appropriate that includes primary prevention, highly stressful tasks that still need to be performed (night work)

Question 26

what are some strategies for secondary prevention?

Answer 26

physical fitness, healthy eating, weight control; stress management stressing

Question 27

tertiary prevention

Answer 27

treating ill health

Question 28

detecting stress in the workplace

Answer 28

1. people control their negative states through socially acceptable behavior
2. bad behavior/ bad work habits are result of stress
3. adressing only the symptoms just leads to new symptoms

Question 29

are many stress management interventions effective or a single approach?

Answer 29

many stress management interventions are more effective

Question 30

whats a prerequisite to successfuly manage stress?

Answer 30

Accurately identifying stressors that cause strain

Question 31

which are the preferred interventions? soon or later?

Answer 31

Sooner! Primary stress interventions