Lecture 8 Flashcards
‘Hunt and Gauthier-Loiselle., (2010)’
Show skilled US immigrants patent at a substantially higher rate than US born counterparts. Not just because they are more able but because immigrants tend to specialise more science & engineering
‘Ganguli., (2015)’
Looks at flow of Russian scientists to the US after the collapse of Soviet Union. and the extent of which knowledge was transferred from Russian scientist migrants to US scientists, by counting the number of citations of Soviet era research from new papers written in cities that received Russian scientists after the exodus of the 1990’s with 10,000 Soviet Scientists in the US by 2000. Found a rise in number of citations in cities with many Russian scientists suggesting US scientists are becoming more aware of Soviet-era research. OLS results found Russian scientists migrating increased the citation rate of Soviet research but IV estimates are even larger at just over 50 additional citations for each immigrant. Scientist who move to cities are likely to have a job before they leave Russia so moving to place where they are already familiar with their work
‘Hornung, (2014)
Huguenots being persecuted. claimed refugee in Prussia (current Berlin). They specialised in textiles and continued to produce these goods in Germany. The paper looked at long-term growth with a 100-year lag between where Huguenots lived and productivity in those regions 100 years later.The paper finds positive long-term effects of immigration productivity and capital deepening along with the adoption of technology use in the long run, if skilled immigrants settle in a location with the potential for economic growth this will occur. Immigration of high skilled Huguenots led to a technological diffusion and knowledge transfer between Huguenots and the natives, resulting in productivity increases in the textile sector, but is restricted to this industry as one of the main fields of immigration occupation for a job.
‘Scoville, (1960)’
Found the cost of accommodating Huguenots was easily offset by long-term gains
‘List, (1856)’
Germany owes some of its early economic growth to immigration of skilled human capital
‘Parsons and Vezina, (2018)’
Looking at the exodus of the Vietnamese Boat People to the US starting in 1975 when Saigon fell to look at causal pro-trade effects of migration. The 1st major wave of Vietnamese immigrants in the US (1.4m 1975-1994) as they evacuated and spread exogenously around the US. After US trade embargo on Vietnam from (1917-1994) saw the US exports of Vietnamese goods grew most in states that held a larger concentration of Vietnamese immigrants, along with the immigrant population due to the increases in larger inflows 20 years earlier. 10% increase in the Vietnamese network raised exports to Vietnam by 4.5%-14%.
‘Kugler et al., (2013)’
Find that there is a strong positive relationship between migration and financial flows. A 10% increase in the stock of migrants increases financial flows by between 1.3%-1.8%. But do find that effect is much larger for skilled migrants
‘Dustmann and Frattini., (2014)’
estimate the relative fiscal impact of immigrants in the UK 1995-2011 comparing the net fiscal contribution of immigrants of immigrants from different region of source nations with the net contributions of natives & probability of immigrants receiving benefits. Immigrants are significantly less likely to receive state benefits or tax credits (relative to UK natives immigrants are 3% less likely to receive benefits or tax credits. (mainly driven EEA being much less likely). Overall immigrants are slightly more likely to live in social housing relative to natives (driven by non-EEA). Natives and non-EEA take more out than they put in with non-EEA being the largest net recipient while EEA put more in than they take out.
‘Ruist, (2014)’
Immigrants pay less in taxes in Sweden but are less likely to be a recipient of welfare funds. Most A10 migrants were from Poland & Lithuania and can’t detect any difference in welfare net use. Immigrants take more childcare & parental care as generally immigrants are a younger cohort in their childbearing years but less use of old-age support measures because many old immigrants return of how in return migration patterns.
‘Dustman et al., (2010)’
Found post EU enlargement from the A8 nations a positive effect was seen on UK finances because of this increased immigration
