Lecture 7 Flashcards
‘Bodvarsson and Van den Berg, (2006)’
Looked at Hispanic immigration in Lexington Nebraska. Before 1990 Hispanic population in Lexington was 3% but quickly rose to 50% after the opening of a meatpacking facility. All meat was exported so changes in the production sector was due to shocks in labour demand instead of labour supply as migrants didn’t work in the production sector. Immigrants moving into Lexington increased retail wages by $0.17 per immigrants shows immigrants demand goods even when they don’t produced them
‘Peri, (2012)’
Found that immigration has no effect on capital intensity (physical capital/output ratio) in the long run in the US.
‘Borjas, (2006)’
Looks at the effect of US immigration on native internal migration for skill cells. For every 10 foreign immigrants that entered a state 2 internal workers were displaced. 3-6 natives displaced in metropolitan areas.
‘Hatton and Tani, (2005)’
Looked for a link between native and internal migration for 11 regions from 1981-2000 in the UK. Although immigration wasn’t significant at the 10% level, when isolated to the 6 Southern regions and regional cohorts added, found significant influence of immigration causing internal migration for every 10 immigrants 4.4 natives are displaced.
‘Mocetti and Porello, (2010)’
Looking at internal migration and immigration in Italy. Found a 1% increase in immigrants in a town lead to a 0.9% increase in outflows of low-skilled natives & 0.6% decline in their inflows into the town. But for high skilled workers they were attracted to immigrant towns with 1.1% increase in high skilled moving into them. Normally in Italy there is a South-North flow of low skilled work but as immigrants concentrated in the North this effect dies out.
‘Peri and Sparber, (2009)’
Found immigrants take manual intensive jobs while natives respond by specialising into communication intensive jobs the US. Found natives take part in job upgrading and labour markets are small as the two groups aren’t perfect substitutes.
‘Gavasto et al, (1990)’
Immigrants take jobs that natives refuse to do addressing labour market shortages.
‘Amundo-Dorantes and De La Rica, (2011)’
Shows similar evidence of internal migration due to immigration in Spain. Flight away from “blue collar jobs” and move towards “white collar jobs” which effects for younger workers being larger as can exploit the labour market for longer. Only found effects of job upgrading on natives of the same gender to the immigrant shock, due to the very segregated labour market by job in Spain.
‘Barone and Mocetti, (2011)’
Looks at the issue of internal displacement in Italy which has a low skilled and low female labour participation rate. Sending more time in household production so only 51% of females took part in the labour market. Using an IV estimate and specialising on immigrants likely to specialise in the domestic services found at the extensive margin there was no effect but at the intensive margin a move from the 25th to 75th percentile of immigrant density will increase working time by 50 mins.
‘Cortes and Tessada, (2011)’
US study studying whether increased supply of low-skilled immigrants lead to high-skilled women changing their time use decisions. Looking at the extensive and intensive margin looking at if working 50-60 hours a week increases. Find no effect at the extensive margin and significant effect at the intensive margin. High skilled women increases their hours and the probability of working over 50 hours a week increases, but effects are much smaller and just above the median wage and no effect seen for people below the median wage
‘Cortes, (2008)
Low skilled immigrants make up a large proportion of workers in services that are substitutes to domestic work reducing the costs of these services
‘Lewis, (2011)’
Technology adoption rates in US due to shocks to the supply of high-school dropouts. Found high-school dropouts and automatic machines are very close substitutes in the production process. Using an IV strategy found a clear negative relationship between the number of automated technologies adopted and low-skilled labour supply shocks so low skilled immigrants are taking jobs away from technology than from native workers
‘Freiberg, (2001)’
Looked at Soviet Union migration to Israel in 1990-1 when the Isralei population increased by 8%. The paper found no clear evidence that natives were adversely affected in the labour market. Soviet immigrants were more highly skilled than natives, so natives moved towards more skill-intensive production techniques
‘Ganal et al., (2004)’
key reason for no adverse effect from Soviet Union migration to Israel was Israeli production moved towards skill-intensive production techniques
‘Gonzolo and Ortega., (2011)’
Found low skilled immigration to Spain had no significant labour market effect. Saw increases in total employment not increases in the type of goods produced. Industries just began to use unskilled labour more intensively than before.
