Lecture 8 Flashcards

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1
Q

The loss of water vapor from leaves is called ___.

A

transpiration

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2
Q

First, water is uptaken from the soil, ___ in the ___, and then ___ from the ___.

A

conducted, xylem, transpired, leaves

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3
Q

Transport of water and minerals occurs in the ___.

A

xylem

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4
Q

Conducting components include ___ and ___ ___.

A

tracheids, vessel elements

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5
Q

The type of water-conducting cell in the xylem, lacking perforations in its cell wall, is called ___.

A

tracheid

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6
Q

Transpiration occurs primarily through the ___ and secondarily through the ___.

A

stomata, cuticle

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7
Q

___ ___ permit transpiration. Now, gas exchange (carbon dioxide diffused in, water vapor & oxygen diffused out) can occur freely between the leaf and the atmosphere.

A

open stomata

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8
Q

Stomata are ___ at daytime and ___ at nighttime.

A

open, closed

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9
Q

Organic materials like ___ are translocated by the ___ ___ ___ of the ___.

A

sugar, sieve tube members, phloem

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10
Q

Movement goes from ___ to ___.

A

source, sink

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11
Q

In late winter, the source may be an ___ ___ ___, while the sink may be ___ ___ or ___.

A

underground storage organ, apical meristems, storage

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12
Q

In summer, the source may be ___ ___, while the sink may be ___ ___ or ___ ___.

A

photosynthetic leaves, storage roots, developing fruits

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13
Q

The primary material in ___ is a watery solution of ___.

A

phloem, sucrose

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14
Q

Translocation through the phloem is rapid, at around ___ ___ per hour.

A

3.3 ft

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15
Q

Metabolic reactions that synthesize compounds and require energy input = ___.

A

anabolic

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16
Q

Metabolic reactions that break down compounds and usually give energy output = ___.

A

catabolic

17
Q

Metabolism
___ = takes energy in
___ = puts energy out

A

anabolic, catabolic

18
Q

When a molecule gains an electron, it is ___. When it gives one up, it is ___.

A

reduced, oxidized

19
Q

To transport an electron from one reactant to another = to ___.

A

intermediate

20
Q

ATP = ___ ___.

A

adenosine triphosphate

21
Q

A reaction involving the transfer of electrons from one species to another is called an ___ reaction, or a ___ reaction.

A

oxidation-reduction, redox

22
Q

When cells NEED energy, they ___ ATP. When they HAVE energy stored, they ___ ATP.

A

use, make

23
Q

The addition of a phosphate group is called ___.

A

phosphorylation

24
Q

A protein that acts as a catalyst for chemical reaction in living organisms = ___.

A

enzyme