Lecture 8 Flashcards
The loss of water vapor from leaves is called ___.
transpiration
First, water is uptaken from the soil, ___ in the ___, and then ___ from the ___.
conducted, xylem, transpired, leaves
Transport of water and minerals occurs in the ___.
xylem
Conducting components include ___ and ___ ___.
tracheids, vessel elements
The type of water-conducting cell in the xylem, lacking perforations in its cell wall, is called ___.
tracheid
Transpiration occurs primarily through the ___ and secondarily through the ___.
stomata, cuticle
___ ___ permit transpiration. Now, gas exchange (carbon dioxide diffused in, water vapor & oxygen diffused out) can occur freely between the leaf and the atmosphere.
open stomata
Stomata are ___ at daytime and ___ at nighttime.
open, closed
Organic materials like ___ are translocated by the ___ ___ ___ of the ___.
sugar, sieve tube members, phloem
Movement goes from ___ to ___.
source, sink
In late winter, the source may be an ___ ___ ___, while the sink may be ___ ___ or ___.
underground storage organ, apical meristems, storage
In summer, the source may be ___ ___, while the sink may be ___ ___ or ___ ___.
photosynthetic leaves, storage roots, developing fruits
The primary material in ___ is a watery solution of ___.
phloem, sucrose
Translocation through the phloem is rapid, at around ___ ___ per hour.
3.3 ft
Metabolic reactions that synthesize compounds and require energy input = ___.
anabolic
Metabolic reactions that break down compounds and usually give energy output = ___.
catabolic
Metabolism
___ = takes energy in
___ = puts energy out
anabolic, catabolic
When a molecule gains an electron, it is ___. When it gives one up, it is ___.
reduced, oxidized
To transport an electron from one reactant to another = to ___.
intermediate
ATP = ___ ___.
adenosine triphosphate
A reaction involving the transfer of electrons from one species to another is called an ___ reaction, or a ___ reaction.
oxidation-reduction, redox
When cells NEED energy, they ___ ATP. When they HAVE energy stored, they ___ ATP.
use, make
The addition of a phosphate group is called ___.
phosphorylation
A protein that acts as a catalyst for chemical reaction in living organisms = ___.
enzyme
