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Bio > Lecture 10 > Flashcards

Lecture 10 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

A flower is a ___ ___ with ___ sets of floral organs.

A

modified branch, 4

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2
Q

The 4 sets of floral organs are (in alphabetical order) ___, ___, ___, and ___.

A

carpals, petals, sepals, stamens

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3
Q

Floral organs are inserted on the ___, the thickened top of the ___ (the flower stalk).

A

receptacle, pedicel

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4
Q

Leaf-like structures covering the unopened flower bud; usually green & photosynthetic = ___.

A

sepals

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5
Q

All of the sepals collectively are referred to as the ___.

A

calyx

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6
Q

All of the petals collectively are referred to as the ___.

A

corolla

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7
Q

The calyx (all of the sepals) and the corolla (all of the petals) are together referred to as the ___.

A

perianth

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8
Q

Male reproductive structure, consisting of pollen-producing anther supported by a filament = ___.

A

stamen

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9
Q

Pollen producer (making up part of the stamen) with ___ pollen chambers = ___.

A

4, anther

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10
Q

Supports the anther and makes up part of the stamen = ___.

A

filament

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11
Q

All of the stamens in a flower are collectively known as the ___.

A

androecium

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12
Q

A flower can have ___ to ___ carpels.

A

one, many

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13
Q

Carpels are located in the ___ of the flower.

A

middle

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14
Q

All the carpels are collectively referred to as the ___.

A

gynoecium

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15
Q

Carpels consist of the ___, ___, and ___.

A

ovary, stigma, style

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16
Q

Expanded top of the carpel, modified to trap pollen = ___.

A

stigma

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17
Q

Neck of the carpel = ___.

A

style

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18
Q

Expanded basal part of a carpel with one to many ovules (structures that eventually become seeds) = ___.

A

ovary

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19
Q

Structures that eventually become seeds, stored in the ovary = ___.

A

ovules

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20
Q

An ovary can have ___ to ___ ovules.

A

one, many

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21
Q

A gynoecium can have ___ to ___ carpels.

A

one, many

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22
Q

When many carpels are present, they may be ___ ___ or ___.

A

fused together, separate

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23
Q

Floral parts in 3s or multiples of 3 = ___.

A

monocots

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24
Q

Floral parts in 4s or 5s or their multiples = ___.

A

dicots

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25
Q

Members of the lily family are ___. They have 3 each of petals and sepals, 6 stamens, and 3 fused carpels.

A

monocots

26
Q

Crassula is a ___. Each flower has 5 each of sepals, petals, stamens, & partially fused carpels.

A

dicot

27
Q

In ___ flowers, the basic pattern of flower structure is changed to where the ___ are brightly colored and identical to the petals. Each of these parts are referred to as ___ in this case.

A

modified, sepals, tepals

28
Q

___ flowers have all 4 floral parts. ___ flowers lack any of the 4 structures.

A

complete, incomplete

29
Q

In ___ flowers, there are carpels and stamens, but the sepals or petals may be lacking.

A

perfect

30
Q

In ___ flowers, there is a lack of either stamens or carpels.

A

imperfect

31
Q

Squash, corn, and pecans are examples of ___ plants.

A

monoecious

32
Q

Male and female flowers are found on a single individual = ___.

A

monoecious

33
Q

Male and female flowers are found on separate individuals = ___.

A

dioecious

34
Q

Spinach and date palms are examples of ___ plants.

A

dioecious

35
Q

Complete flower head of a plant, including stems, stalks, bracts, and flowers = ___.

A

inflorescence

36
Q

Many crops are propogated ___ and are genetically ___.

A

asexually, identical

37
Q

In sexual reproduction, the fusion of male and female ___ produces a ___.

A

gametes, zygote

38
Q

The zygote receives an equal number of ___ from each ___.

A

chromosomes, gamete

39
Q

Gametes are ___, meaning they have ___ ___ of chromosomes.

A

haploid, one set

40
Q

Chromosome pairs are known as ___ chromosomes. Each chromosome in one of these pairs is derived from one of the ___ ___.

A

homologous, haploid gametes

41
Q

___ reduces the number of chromosomes from ___ to ___. Without it, the number of chromosomes would double with each generation.

A

Meiosis, diploid, haploid

42
Q

Meiosis consists of ___ ___ ___.

A

2 consecutive divisions

43
Q

Meiosis results in the formation of ___ ___ ___.

A

4 haploid cells

44
Q

Phase of meiosis where homologous chromosomes pair up (each member composed of 2 chromatids) = ___.

A

prophase I

45
Q

Phase of meiosis where homologous chromosome pairs line up across the cell = ___.

A

metaphase I

46
Q

Phase of meiosis where homologous chromosomes separate = ___.

A

anaphase I

47
Q

Phase of meiosis where there are finally 2 daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes they started with = ___.

A

telophase I

48
Q

Phase of meiosis where chromosomes line up AGAIN = ___.

A

metaphase II

49
Q

Phase of meiosis where chromatids separate = ___.

A

anaphase II

50
Q

Phase of meiosis where there are now 4 haploid daughter cells from the original diploid parent cell, each with unique genetic combinations = ___.

A

telophase II

51
Q

In plants, the products of meiosis are ___ cells called ___.

A

haploid, spores

52
Q

The diploid plant that undergoes meiosis to form spores = ___.

A

sporophyte

53
Q

Developed from spores, they are haploid plants that produce gametes = ___.

A

gametophytes

54
Q

Meiosis occurs in these 2 parts of the flower: ___ (in the ___ ___ of the ___) and ___ (in the ___ ___ of the ___).

A

stamen, pollen chambers, anther, carpels, developing ovules, ovary

55
Q

The male gametophyte is known as ___.

A

pollen

56
Q

Opening in the integuments that surround the ovule = ___.

A

micropyle

57
Q

The mature female gametophyte is known as the ___ ___.

A

embryo sac

58
Q

Pollination is the transfer of pollen from the ___ to the ___.

A

anther, stigma

59
Q

Study of pollen = ___.

A

palynology

60
Q

___ of the US population suffers from a pollen allergy.

A

15%

61
Q

After fertilization, the ___, ___, and ___ drop off; the ___ greatly expands into a ___; each fertilized ___ becomes a ___; and the ___ of the ovule develop into the ___ ___.

A

petals, sepals, stamens, ovary, fruit,. ovule, seed, integuments, seed coat

Bio (7 decks)

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