Lecture 11

Question 1

Part of sexual reproduction that is unique to angiosperms = ___.

Answer 1

fruit

Question 2

Fruit develops from a ___ ___.

Answer 2

fertilized ovary

Question 3

Fruit functions to ___ ___ and help with their ___.

Answer 3

protect seeds, dispersal

Question 4

Develops from the ovary wall, with varying appearance = ___ ___ or ___.

Answer 4

fruit wall, pericarp

Question 5

The 3 layers of the fruit wall, or ___, are the ___, ___, and ___.

Answer 5

pericarp, exocarp, mesocarp, endocarp

Question 6

Form from the ovary of a single carpel or several fused carpels = ___ ___.

Answer 6

simple fruits

Question 7

___ fruits are usually fleshy and dry.

Answer 7

simple

Question 8

Often soft and juicy, these fruits use animal consumption to disperse their seeds = ___ ___ fruits.

Answer 8

simple fleshy

Question 9

Berries, hesperidia, pepos, drupes, and pomes are examples of ___ ___ fruits.

Answer 9

simple fleshy

Question 10

A berry is a ___ ___ fruit with a thin exocarp, a soft fleshy mesocarp, and an endocarp with one to many seeds.

Answer 10

simple fleshy

Question 11

Tomatoes, grapes, and dates are all examples of ___, and thus of ___ ___ ___.

Answer 11

berries, simple fleshy fruits

Question 12

A hesperidium is a ___ (and thus a ___ ___ ___) with a tough leathery rind. Examples are citruses.

Answer 12

berry, simple fleshy fruit

Question 13

A pepo is a ___ ___ fruit with a tough outer rind that has both receptacle tissue and exocarp. Its mesocarp and endocarp are fleshy.

Answer 13

simple fleshy

Question 14

All the members of the squash family (e.g. pumpkins, melons, and cucumbers) are ___ and thus also ___ ___ ___.

Answer 14

pepos, simple fleshy fruits

Question 15

Drupes are ___ ___ fruits with thin exocarps, fleshy mesocarps, and hard stony endocarps that encase the seed.

Answer 15

simple fleshy

Question 16

Cherries, peaches, plums, walnuts, and pecans are all examples of ___ and thus also of ___ ___ ___.

Answer 16

drupes, simple fleshy fruits

Question 17

Pomes are ___ ___ fruits that develop from the enlarged base of a flower and fuse to the ___ ___.

Answer 17

simple fleshy, ovary wall

Question 18

Apples and pears are examples of ___ and thus also of ___ ___ ___.

Answer 18

pomes, simple fleshy fruits

Question 19

Contain flower parts other than the ovary = ___ ___.

Answer 19

accessory fruits

Question 20

Pepos and pomes are examples of ___ ___ because they contain flower parts other than the ___.

Answer 20

accessory fruits, ovary

Question 21

These fruits have pericarps that may be tough and woody or thin and papery = ___ ___ fruits.

Answer 21

simple dry

Question 22

The two types of simple dry fruits are ___ and ___.

Answer 22

dehiscent, indehiscent

Question 23

Split open at maturity to release seeds; wind helps disperse the seeds = ___ ___ ___.

Answer 23

dry dehiscent fruits

Question 24

Dry dehiscent fruits are a subset of ___ ___ fruits.

Answer 24

simple dry

Question 25

Dry dehiscent fruits that split open along one seam, like magnolia and milkweed = ___.

Answer 25

follicles

Question 26

Dry dehiscent fruits that split open along 2 seams, like beans and peas = ___.

Answer 26

legumes

Question 27

Dry dehiscent fruits that split open via several pores or slits, like cotton and poppy = ___.

Answer 27

capsules

Question 28

___ ___ fruits that do not split open = ___ fruits.

Answer 28

Dry simple, indehiscent

Question 29

Achenes, samaras, grains, and nuts are all examples of ___ fruits, meaning they don’t split open.

Answer 29

indehiscent

Question 30

One-seeded fruit where the pericarp is free from the seed, like sunflower “seeds” = ___.

Answer 30

achenes

Question 31

Winged achenes dispersed by the wind, like the fruit in maple or ash trees = ___.

Answer 31

samaras

Question 32

Single seeded fruits where the pericarp is fused to the seed coat, like the fruits of any cereal grass (wheat, rice, corn, barley) = ___ or ___.

Answer 32

grains, caryopsis

Question 33

One-seeded fruits with hard stony pericarps = ___.

Answer 33

nuts

Question 34

Hazelnuts and chestnuts are ___.

Answer 34

nuts

Question 35

Walnuts and pecans are ___.

Answer 35

drupes

Question 36

Peanuts are ___.

Answer 36

seeds

Question 37

Form from a single flower with many separate carpels = ___ fruits.

Answer 37

aggregate

Question 38

Raspberries and blackberries are ___ ___.

Answer 38

aggregate fruits

Question 39

Contain accessory tissue; the “seeds” are separate achenes on an enlarged, fleshy receptacle = ___ fruit.

Answer 39

aggregate-accessory

Question 40

A strawberry is an ___ fruit.

Answer 40

aggregate-accessory

Question 41

Form from fusion of ovaries from many separate flowers on an inflorescence = ___ fruits.

Answer 41

multiple

Question 42

Figs and pineapples are ___ fruits.

Answer 42

multiple