lecture 8

Question 1

what is a statistical technique that predicts an outcome?

Answer 1

regression

Question 2

for a regression the predictors can be ____ , ___ or____

Answer 2

I/R , ordinal or nominal

Question 3

what type of regression analyses has one predictor (any level of data) and one I/R outcome.

Answer 3

linear

Question 4

what type of regression analyses has multiple predictor (any level of data) and one I/R outcome.

Answer 4

multiple linear

Question 5

what type of regression analyses has One or
more predictors (any level of data) and one categorical outcome, two levels only.

Answer 5

logistic

Question 6

what type of regression analyses has One or
more predictors (any level of data) and one categorical outcome, multiple levles

Answer 6

multinomial logistic

Question 7

ex: does GPRE score significantly
predict PT school GPA?

what type of regression would u run

Answer 7

linear bc one predictor and one I/R outcome

Question 8

Ex/ Does age predict days to
clearance following a concussion in
adolescent athletes?

what type of regression would u run

Answer 8

linear bc one predictor and one i/r data

Question 9

Ex/ Does disease category predict
distance on the 6MWT?

what regression would u run

Answer 9

lienar bc one predictor and one I/R outcome

Question 10

if we are dong a pearson correlations and we state for our scientific hypothesis that “There will be a significant relationship between time 1and time
2 at r >+.80 or r<-.80. what are we saying we believe ??? rom is being recorded

Answer 10

that the ROM recorded at test 1 can predict 64% of the variance at time 2

Question 11

would u reject the null hypothesis if the p= < .001

Answer 11

yes bc since the p=<.05 (the alpha) it is saying that there is a significant difference so u reject the null

Question 12

what kind of test is a dublin watson test

Answer 12

assumption test for linear regression

Question 13

what is a concurrent validity study

Answer 13

testing 2 tools ( neither fro the gold standard) and u want to see if there is a relationship between them

Question 14

if the relationship is strong is the effect size small or larger

Answer 14

larger

Question 15

assumptions for regression…. data must be ____ not curvilinear (scattterplot)

Answer 15

linear

Question 16

another assumption for regression … the data much have ____

Answer 16

normality and look at histograms , skewness, kurtosis , box plots and shapiro wilk test

Question 17

when is the skewness/kurtosis a problem for normality

Answer 17

> +2 or < -2

Question 18

when looking at a shapiro wilk test for normality what kind of result do we want compared to the alpha of .05

Answer 18

a non significant results

Question 19

if the skewness is .-281 and .337 is there a problem

Answer 19

no bc only a problem is >2 or < -2

Question 20

if the shapiro wilk test is .012 is that okay

Answer 20

NOOOOO bc we don’t want it to be significant bruhhhh

Question 21

if the shapiro wilk test is .012 but the sample is small does it matter

Answer 21

no not really bc it is designed for a large sample

Question 22

another assumption for regression is that the data must have ______

Answer 22

homoscedasticity

Question 23

In relationship designs, the variance of the
outcome variable should be approximately the
same at all levels of the predictor variable… what is this called

Answer 23

homoscedasticity

Question 24

when do u want HOV

Answer 24

for a independent t test

Question 25

what test is used for HOV

Answer 25

levenes test (used when testing for differences)

Question 26

do we want the levenes test to be significant

Answer 26

no no no no

Question 27

levenes test if the variances in different groups are approximately the ___

Answer 27

sane

Question 28

what is an example of a problem with homoscedasticity

Answer 28

if the spread to the data is no even around the best fit line and if it goes into t funnel shape

Question 29

another assumptions for regression is that the data must be free of influential ____

Answer 29

outliers (cooks distance )

Question 30

a point is considered an outliear if the cooks distance is what

Answer 30

greater then 1 - then we have to eleimaite one participant

Question 31

another assumption for regression is that all data must be ____ of each other

Answer 31

independent ( participants cant be influenced by each other and no trends over time ) (dburbin watson test )

Question 32

what is one way to check for **independence** of observations for **regression**

Answer 32

durbin watson test

Question 33

what are the values ranges for the durbin watson test and what is it checking for

Answer 33

0-4 (2 is perfrect) .. checking for possible correlations between the participants which would violate our assumption

Question 34

when running the regression analysis what does the R squared mean

Answer 34

then the % of y could be predicted from X

Question 35

Ex/ Does UG GPA and GRE score significantly predict PT school GPA? this is an exmaple of what kind of regression

Answer 35

multiple linear bc multiple predictors and one I/R outcome

Question 36

Ex/ Does age and sport predict days to clearance following a concussion in adolescent athletes? this is an exmaple of what kind of regression

Answer 36

multiple linear bc multiple predictors and one I/R outcome

Question 37

what is the new assumptions for multiple regression

Answer 37

multicolinearity

Question 38

do u want to have multicolineartiy

Answer 38

no

Question 39

for multicolinearityi for multiple regression the VIF would be ___ and the tolerance (TOL) should be what

Answer 39

VIF- should be <10 TOL- should be >.1

Question 40

Ex/ Does TUG score predict fallers and non- fallers? this is an example of what type or regression

Answer 40

logisitc bc one or more predictors (tug) and one categorical outcome , 2 levels only (fallers and non fallers)

Question 41

Ex/ Does a score on the VOM (Vestibular Ocular Motor) Screening test predict return to sport in the next 30 days? (yes/no) this is na exmaple of what type of regression

Answer 41

logisitc bc one or more predictors (VOM) and one categorical outcome , 2 levels only (yes or no)

Question 42

Ex/ Does age and type of cardiac procedure (value repair vs bypass) predict discharge location to home vs. other? this is an example of what type of regression

Answer 42

logisitc bc one or more predictors (age and type of caradic procedure) and one categorical outcome , 2 levels only (home vs other)