Lecture 7 : Street vice

Question 1

How many men in Britain have paid for sex at least once?

Answer 1

1 in 10 men.

Question 2

Is the majority of trafficking domestic or international?

Answer 2

The majority of trafficking is domestic.

Question 2

What represents the greatest percentage of human trafficking as sexual exploitation?

Answer 2

Forced prostitution.

Question 3

What percentage of have been ‘looked after’ (Swann, 2019).

Answer 3

70%+ have been ‘looked after’ (Swann, 2019).

Question 4

What is a common experience for the majority of sex workers in terms of violence?

Answer 4

Majority have suffered life-threatening violence.

Question 5

Do most sex workers want to continue selling sex?

Answer 5

Overwhelming majority want to stop selling sex.

Question 5

What is a common issue among many women involved in sex work?

Answer 5

Many are addicted to alcohol and/or drugs (heroin, crack).

Question 6

How much more vulnerable are sex workers to homicide compared to other women?

Answer 6

12 times more vulnerable (Ward et al., 1999).

Question 6

What is the primary reason women engage in prostitution?

Answer 6

The primary reason women engage in prostitution is to earn money for necessities such as food, drugs, or to pay household bills.
money and neccessitites

Question 7

What right do liberal feminists and advocacy groups emphasize for women regarding sex work?

Answer 7

The right to choose what they do with their bodies, without state interference.

Question 8

How do liberal feminists and advocacy groups compare sex work to other forms of employment?

Answer 8

They see sex work as work, much like any other form of employment, deserving of the same rights and protections.

Question 8

How do Radical Feminists view the term ‘sex work’?

Answer 8

They believe it obscures the realities for almost all women, such as violence and rapes.

Question 9

What do Radical Feminists say about sex work as an employment option?

Answer 9

Sex work is not work; it is an option of last resort in a political system that fails women in poverty.

Question 9

What do Radical Feminists believe about women’s sexuality and commodification?

Answer 9

Women’s sexuality should not be commodified as it reaffirms male dominance over women.

Question 10

What do Radical Feminists argue about prostitution and men’s violence?

Answer 10

Prostitution is another example of men’s violence against women, and they campaign for abolition.

Question 11

How did street sex work affect residents’ quality of life?

Answer 11

For many, it did not affect their overall quality of life.

Question 12

What were some concerns raised by residents about street sex work?

Answer 12

Concerns about the visibility of sex workers and associated nuisances.

Question 13

How did street sex work impact residents’ use of public space?

Answer 13

It negatively impacted some residents’ use of public space.

Question 14

What is the primary goal of Harm Reduction in the context of sex work?

Answer 14

Harm Reduction aims to reduce harm to sex workers and the community, focusing on keeping both sex workers and communities safe.

Question 14

What concept did many residents and sex workers support?

Answer 14

The concept of ‘tolerance zones’ or designated spaces for working.

Question 15

What was the greatest consideration for sex workers?

Answer 15

A safer working environment.

Question 16

What are 4 solutions to prostitution?

Answer 16

Legalisation
Decriminalisation
Harm reduction
Nordic model/sex-buyer laws

Question 17

What is the 2002 Prostitution Act (Prostitutionsgesetz - ProstG) in Germany?

Answer 17

It is a federal law that regulates the legal status of prostitution as a service to improve the legal and social experience of prostitutes.

Question 17

What country was the Legalisation example in 2002 Prostitution Act

Answer 17

Germany

Question 18

What were the main features introduced by the 2002 Prostitution Act in Germany?

Answer 18

Introduced formal regulation and licensing

Sex workers must be registered

Can claim unemployment benefit/insurance and access healthcare

Question 19

What are some criticisms of the 2002 Prostitution Act in Germany?

Answer 19

Claims of resulting discrimination and stigmatisation,

Question 20

What is the ‘New Zealand Model’ of sex work regulation?

Answer 20

Decriminalization of all forms of sex work since 2003, with a system of licensing and regulation, including health & safety requirements.

Question 20

What are the benefits of the ‘New Zealand Model’?

Answer 20

Improved perceptions and experiences of sex workers, with their rights guaranteed through employment and human rights legislation.

Question 21

What is the overarching aim of the Nordic/Abolitionist Model/Sex buyer laws?

Answer 21

Decrease demand for sex work

decriminalizing sex workers,

strengthening laws against trafficking,

criminalizing buyers.

Question 22

What is the purpose of Managed/Tolerance Zones?

Answer 22

Designated area away from residential streets where the presence of the women, punters and associated detritus (eg drugs, used condoms etc) causes most offence and/or inconvenience

Question 23

What does the Nordic/Abolitionist Model/Sex buyer laws decriminalize and criminalize?

Answer 23

Decriminalizes sex workers and prostitutes, criminalizes buyers.

Question 24

What are some impacts of the Nordic Model on society?

Answer 24

Significant reduction in street sex workers and changes in public attitudes towards women, including teenage boys.

Question 24

Where and when did the sex buyer laws begin?

Answer 24

Began in Sweden, buying sex became an offense in 1999.

Question 25

What are some counterarguments against the Nordic/Abolitionist Model?

Answer 25

◦ Sex work will go ‘underground’
◦ Increased violence against women
◦ Decreased or removed women’s ability and rights to make choices & earn money
◦ Increased stigma