Lecture 7- pharmacogenetics

Question 1

…. attempts to understand the genetic basis for why some patients respond well to drugs and others dont AND why some suffer adverse side effects and others dont

Answer 1

pharmacogenetics

Question 2

the … is that part of the DNA sequence of the genetic makeup of a cell, and therefore of an organism or individual, which determines a specific characteristic of that cell/organism

Answer 2

genotype

Question 3

a… is the composite of an organism’s observable characteristics or traits, such as its morphology, development, biochemical or physiological properties, phenology, behavior and products of behavior

Answer 3

phenotype

Question 4

… phenotypes result from variations in a single gene

Answer 4

monogenic

Question 5

…. phenotypes result from variations in multiple genes

Answer 5

polygenic

Question 6

genotypic variations can produce phenotypic differences in…. or…

Answer 6

pharmacokinetics (drug concentration)

pharmacodynamics (response to drug)

Question 7

…. variations usually result from differences in drug metabolism and are better understood with many examples

Answer 7

pharmacokinetic

Question 8

… variations usually result from differences in drug targets or downstream elements and are not as well understood with fewer examples

Answer 8

pharmacodynamic

Question 9

there are 29 identified mutant alleles of the …. receptor that produce malignant hyperthermia

Answer 9

ryanodine

Question 10

volatile anesthetics (ether, halothane, sevoflurane, desflurane, isoflurane, enflurane)

and

depolarizing muscle relaxants (succinylcholine)

can be triggers for?

Answer 10

malignant hyperthermia

Question 11

the symptoms of malignant hyperthermia are all due to …

Answer 11

aberrant calcium release from the S.R.

Question 12

2 receptors that liberate calcium from the S.R.

Answer 12

IP3

ryanodine

Question 13

… is a muscle relaxant used for endotracheal intubation and brief operative procedures

Answer 13

succinylcholine

Question 14

succinylcholine can induce prolonged …in poor metabolizers

Answer 14

apnea

Question 15

succinylcholine is metabolized by ….

Answer 15

plasma cholinesterase (also known as pseudocholinesterase or butyryl cholinesterase or BuChE)