Lecture 6- pharmacotherapeutics

Question 1

Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors are used to treat depression and they cause …., …., and …. to remain active for longer

Answer 1

epi, norepi, dopamine

Question 2

norepi, epi and dopamine are normally destroyed by the enzyme…

Answer 2

monoamine oxidase

Question 3

taking a MAO inhibitor couples with red wine or cheese could cause

Answer 3

a hypertensive crisis (because of increase in norepi release)

Question 4

… is responsible for metabolism of 60% of all drugs. Grapefruit juice reduces expression of this enzyme.

Answer 4

CYP3A4

Question 5

there is a significant effect on the …. of a drug if the patient is taking antibiotics

Answer 5

pharmacokinetics

Question 6

… tolerance is when the effective drug concentration is diminished

Answer 6

pharmacokinetic

Question 7

… tolerance is when the response is diminished

Answer 7

pharmacodynamic

Question 8

…. is a special kind of tolerance and it is a rapid loss of response after drug administration

Answer 8

tachyphylaxis

Question 9

tyramine causes increased …. by promoting the release of …

tachyphylaxis develops because ….

Answer 9

HR and BP
norepi

norepi stores are depleted

Question 10

pharmacodynamic tolerance is commonly observed with ….

Answer 10

CNS drugs (alter mood or thought, exampls: barbituates, caffeine, nicotine, morphine)

Question 11

… inhibits the synthesis of vitamin K dependent factors (2,7,9 and 10) and the anticoagulant proteins C and S

Answer 11

warfarin

Question 12

2 common allergenic drugs

Answer 12

PCNs
sulfonamides

(5% of the population)

Question 13

it is common for drugs that are … to become allergenic

it is common for … drugs to become allergenic after conjugation to a protein

Answer 13

proteins

small

Question 14

T/F antigenic potential of drugs vary

Answer 14

true. vary enormously.

Question 15

T/F chemical changes (from heat or sunlight) can render a drug allergenic on the shelf

Answer 15

true

Question 16

mediator of type 1 hypersensitivity rxn?

Answer 16

IgE

Question 17

type …. hypersensitivity is an anaphylactic response and occurs within minutes to hours

Answer 17

1

Question 18

mediator of type 2 hypersensitivity?

Answer 18

IgG, IgM

Question 19

type … hypersensitivity is a cytotoxic response and occurs within several hours to days

Answer 19

2

Question 20

type … hypersensitivity is an immune complex reaction

Answer 20

3

Question 21

type … hypersensitivity is a cell-mediated immunity (T cell) and it has a delayed response and is usually localized

Answer 21

4

Question 22

a drug that is category …. has positive evidence that human fetal risks exist, benefit of drug MAY warrant use in a pregnant woman

Answer 22

D

Question 23

a drug that is category … has shown fetal abnormalities in humans or animals in studies. the potential risk outweighs the benefit

Answer 23

X

Question 24

a drug that is category …. has shown no risk in the 1st trimester in studies and no evidence of problems later. safest for pregnancy

Answer 24

A

Question 25

a drug that is category …. has shown adverse effects on fetus in animal studies

Answer 25

B

Question 26

a drug that is category … has no adequate human studies and animal studies are either lacking or have shown adverse effects on fetus. benefit of drug MAY warrant use in pregnant women

Answer 26

C

Question 27

sodium fluoride and levothyroxine are category

Answer 27

A

Question 28

amoxicillin, erythromycin, lidocaine are category

Answer 28

B

Question 29

atropine, topical hydrocortisone and morphine are category

Answer 29

C

Question 30

systemic hydrocortisone and pentobarbital are category

Answer 30

D

Question 31

estradiol, triazolam and warfarin are category

Answer 31

X