Lecture 7: Muscle Energy Flashcards

1
Q

T.J. Ruddy, DO

A
Ruddy’s Rapid Rhythmic Resistive Duction
1914= first published article
Eye and cervical spine treatment
Used rapid, repetitive contractions 1-2 per second
against resistance
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2
Q

Fred L. Mitchell, Sr., DO

A

Wrote about Muscle Energy Technique as early as 1948

has developed and amplified MET

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3
Q

Muscle energy

A

Voluntary contraction of patient muscle

Varying levels of intensity

In a precisely controlled direction

Against a distinctly executed counterforce

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4
Q

Muscle energy- active technique

A

Patient contributes the corrective

force

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5
Q

Muscle energy-direct technique

A

positioned to the restrictive barrier

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6
Q

in muscle energy which was it patients motion?

A

Patient’s motion is away from the barrier

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7
Q

Isometric contraction

A

Contraction of a muscle with no change in distance between the origin and insertion

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8
Q

Concentric isotonic contraction

A

Contraction of a muscle with
approximation of origin and insertion
- The “Curl” part of the biceps curl

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9
Q

Eccentric isotonic contraction

A

Contraction of a muscle with
separation of origin and insertion
-(Like the relaxation phase of a bicep curl)

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10
Q

“Isolytic” contraction

A

Attempted concentric contraction, with an external force causing separation of origin and insertion

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11
Q

what are physiological principles?

A

Using muscle force to move one region of the body to achieve movement of another bone or region

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12
Q

Post-isometric relaxation

A

**most common form of MET
-Muscle contraction-> increased tension in Golgi tendon organ->
inhibition of muscle contraction

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13
Q

Joint mobilization using muscle force

A

Restoration of motion to the articulation results in a gapping, or reseating of the distorted joint relations with reflex relaxation of the previously hypertonic musculature.

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14
Q

Joint mobilization using muscle force-Force of Contraction

A

Maximal muscle contraction that can be comfortably resisted by the physician (up to 30 to 50 lb of pressure depending on the joint treated)

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15
Q

Respiratory assistance

A

muscular forces involved in these techniques are generated by the simple act of breathing.
-The physician usually applies a fulcrum against which the respiratory forces can work.

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16
Q

Respiratory assistance-Force of Contraction

A

Exaggerated respiratory motion

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17
Q

Oculocephalogyric reflex

A

eyemovements reflexively affect the cervical and truncal musculature as the body attempts to follow the lead provided by eye motion

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18
Q

Oculocephalogyric reflex-Force of Contraction

A

Exceptionally gentle

19
Q

Reciprocal inhibition

A

When a gentle contraction is initiated in the agonist muscle, there is a reflex relaxation of that muscle’s antagonistic group

20
Q

Reciprocal inhibition-Force of Contraction

A

Think ounces,not pounds of pressure

21
Q

when is Crossed extensor reflex used?

A

Used in the extremities where the muscle that requires treatment is in an area so severely injured (e.g., fractures or burns) that it is directly unmanipulable or inaccessible.

22
Q

Crossed extensor reflex

A

When the flexor muscle in one extremity is contracted voluntarily, the flexor muscle in the contralateral extremity relaxes and the extensor contracts.

23
Q

Crossed extensor reflex-forece of contraction

A

Think ounces, not pounds of pressure

24
Q

what side does reciprocal inhibition act on?

A

Ipsilateral – Same side

25
what side does crossed extensor reflex act on?
Contralateral – opposite side
26
what is Isokinetic strengthening used for?
To reestablish normal tone and strength in a muscle weakened by reflex hypertonicity of the opposing muscle group
27
Isokinetic strengthening
In Isokinetic contractions, the length change occurs at a constant velocity. Typically concentric contractions are used, where the muscle is permitted to shorten, but at a controlled slow rate.
28
Isokinetic strengthening-force of contraction
Sustained gentle pressure (10 to 20 lb of pressure)
29
when is Isolytic lengthening used?
To lengthen a muscle shortened by contracture and fibrosis.
30
Isolytic lengthening-
the vibration used here has some effect on the myotatic units in addition to mechanical and circulatory effects
31
Isolytic lengthening-force of contraction
Maximal Contraction that can be comfortably resisted by the physician (30 to 50 lb of pressure)
32
Using muscle force to move one region of the body to achieve movement of another bone or region
Muscular force is used to move the first structure and that body part’s response to the muscle force is transmitted to yet another part of the body.
33
Using muscle force to move one region of the body to achieve movement of another bone or region-force of contraction
Sustained gentle pressure (10 to 20 lb of pressure)
34
Muscle Energy – Indications
balance muscle tone strengthen reflexively weakened musculature improve symmetry of articular motion enhance the circulation of body fluids (blood, lymph, and interstitial fluid) Lengthen a shortened, contractured, or spastic muscle group Versatile to use in combination with other osteopathic manipulative techniques`
35
Factors Influencing Successful Muscle | Energy - Patient
Contract too hard Contract in the wrong direction Sustain the contraction for too short a time Do not relax appropriately following contraction
36
Factors Influencing Successful Muscle Energy - Operator
Not controlling the joint position in relation to the barrier movement Not providing the counterforce in the correct direction Not giving accurate instructions Moving to a new joint position too soon after the patient stops contracting`
37
Muscle Energy - Contraindications
Local fracture Local dislocation Moderate-to-severe segmental instability in the cervical spine Evocation of neurologic symptoms or signs on rotation of the neck. Low vitality Situations that could be worsened by muscle activity Post-surgical patient - internal bleeding may be caused Immediately following myocardial infarction Recent eye-surgery – use of Oculocephalogyric reflex Unable/unwilling to follow verbal commands
38
Articulatory Approach (springing technique)
Low velocity/high amplitude Direct technique History: as old as Osteopathy itself
39
what is the Articulatory Approach
Gentle and repetitive motions through the restrictive barrier to restore physiologic motion Can be applied to vertebral as well as extremity somatic dysfunction May be used on a single joint, or an entire region Applicable with the restrictive barrier is in the joint or periarticular tissues
40
Articulatory Technique Indications
``` Well tolerated by Arthritic patients Elderly or frail Critically ill or post-operative patients Infants or very young patients Patients unable to cooperate with instructions ```
41
Articulatory Technique – Contraindications (relative)
Vertebral artery compromise | Avoid combination of rotation and extension in the cervical spine
42
Articulatory Technique – Contraindications (absolute)
``` Local fracture or dislocation Neurologic entrapment syndromes Serious vascular compromise Local malignancy Local infection (e.g., cellulitis, abscess, septic arthritis, osteomyelitis) Bleeding disorders ```
43
Define Post isometric Relaxation
relaxation you get after a muscle contraction, where you are able to go further into a restrictive barrier. This is the principle of muscle energy