Lecture 2: intro to somatic dysfunction

Question 1

What are the 4 osteopathic tenets

Answer 1

1. The mind, body & spirit are a unit.
2. The body is capable of self- regulation, self-healing, and health maintenance.
3. Structure and function are reciprocally interrelated.
4. Rational treatment is based upon understanding & implementing the other 3 tenets.

Question 2

AROM – Active Range of Motion

Answer 2

Patient motivated and patient must give maximum effort!

Question 3

PROM – Passive Range of Motion

Answer 3

Patient must relax fully and you must “block the linkage” of associated structures
– “Block the Linkage”: stabilization of associated and adjacent structures to focus movement to only the joint/s being assessed

Question 4

Anatomic barrier

Answer 4

the limit of motion imposed by anatomic structure; the limit of passive motion

Question 5

Elastic barrier

Answer 5

the range between the physiologic and anatomic barrier of motion in which passive stretching occurs
before tissue disruption; aka, the area that “warms up” with

Question 6

Restrictive/Pathologic barrier

Answer 6

a functional limit that abnormally diminishes the normal physiologic range.

Question 7

Physiologic barrier

Answer 7

the limit of active motion.

Question 8

what is TART?

Answer 8

– Tissue Texture Abnormality, Asymmetry (Visual or Palpatory), Restricted motion,
Tenderness

Question 9

Tissue Texture Abnormality

Answer 9

• A palpable change in tissues from skin to periarticular structures

Question 10

what are examples of TTA’s

Answer 10

• bogginess
• thickening
• stringiness
• ropiness
• firmness (hardening)
• temp change
• moisture change

Question 11

acute TTA

Answer 11

red, swollen, boggy, increased tone

Question 12

chronic TTA

Answer 12

dry, cool, ropy, pale, decreased tone

Question 13

acute asymmetry

Answer 13

present

Question 14

chronic asymmetry

Answer 14

present, compensation occurs

Question 15

acute restriction

Answer 15

present, painful with motion

Question 16

chronic restriction

Answer 16

present, maybe not. Guarded or “empty”

Question 17

acute tenderness

Answer 17

sharp pain

Question 18

chronic tenderness

Answer 18

dull, achy pain

Question 19

somatic dysfunction

Answer 19

Impaired or altered function of related components of the somatic (body framework) system:skeletal, arthrodial, myofascial structures, vascular, lymphatic, neural elements

Question 20

what is the goal of OMT?

Answer 20

to remove somatic dysfunction

Question 21

acute pain

Answer 21

sharp, severe, cutting

Question 22

chronic pain

Answer 22

dull, ache, paresthesias (tingling, burning, gnawing, itching)

Question 23

acute visceral function

Answer 23

minimal somatoviseral effects

Question 24

chronic visceral function

Answer 24

somatovisceral effects common

Question 25

acute visceral dysfunction

Answer 25

may or may not be present; if trauma is severe, it is often present

Question 26

chronic visceral dysfunction

Answer 26

often involved in somatic dysfunction

Question 27

Tenderpoints

Answer 27

small discrete hypersensitive areas within myofascial structures that result in localized pain

Question 28

Trigger point

Answer 28

small discrete hypersensitive areas within myofascial structures – palpation causes referred pain away from site.

Question 29

Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT)

Answer 29

The therapeutic application of manually guided forces by an osteopathic physician to improve physiologic function and/or support homeostasis that has been altered by somatic dysfunction.

Question 30

Bogginess

Answer 30

A tissue texture abnormality characterized principally by a palpable sense of sponginess in the tissue, interpreted as resulting from congestion due to increased fluid content.

Question 31

Contracture:

Answer 31

Abnormal shortening of a muscle due to fibrosis. Most often in the tissue itself, often result of chronic condition. Muscle is no longer able to reach its full normal length.