Lecture 2: intro to somatic dysfunction Flashcards
What are the 4 osteopathic tenets
- The mind, body & spirit are a unit.
- The body is capable of self- regulation, self-healing, and health maintenance.
- Structure and function are reciprocally interrelated.
- Rational treatment is based upon understanding & implementing the other 3 tenets.
AROM – Active Range of Motion
Patient motivated and patient must give maximum effort!
PROM – Passive Range of Motion
Patient must relax fully and you must “block the linkage” of associated structures
– “Block the Linkage”: stabilization of associated and adjacent structures to focus movement to only the joint/s being assessed
Anatomic barrier
the limit of motion imposed by anatomic structure; the limit of passive motion
Elastic barrier
the range between the physiologic and anatomic barrier of motion in which passive stretching occurs
before tissue disruption; aka, the area that “warms up” with
Restrictive/Pathologic barrier
a functional limit that abnormally diminishes the normal physiologic range.
Physiologic barrier
the limit of active motion.
what is TART?
– Tissue Texture Abnormality, Asymmetry (Visual or Palpatory), Restricted motion,
Tenderness
Tissue Texture Abnormality
• A palpable change in tissues from skin to periarticular structures
what are examples of TTA’s
- bogginess
- thickening
- stringiness
- ropiness
- firmness (hardening)
- temp change
- moisture change
acute TTA
red, swollen, boggy, increased tone
chronic TTA
dry, cool, ropy, pale, decreased tone
acute asymmetry
present
chronic asymmetry
present, compensation occurs
acute restriction
present, painful with motion
chronic restriction
present, maybe not. Guarded or “empty”
acute tenderness
sharp pain
chronic tenderness
dull, achy pain
somatic dysfunction
Impaired or altered function of related components of the somatic (body framework) system:skeletal, arthrodial, myofascial structures, vascular, lymphatic, neural elements
what is the goal of OMT?
to remove somatic dysfunction
acute pain
sharp, severe, cutting
chronic pain
dull, ache, paresthesias (tingling, burning, gnawing, itching)
acute visceral function
minimal somatoviseral effects
chronic visceral function
somatovisceral effects common
acute visceral dysfunction
may or may not be present; if trauma is severe, it is often present
chronic visceral dysfunction
often involved in somatic dysfunction
Tenderpoints
small discrete hypersensitive areas within myofascial structures that result in localized pain
Trigger point
small discrete hypersensitive areas within myofascial structures – palpation causes referred pain away from site.
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT)
The therapeutic application of manually guided forces by an osteopathic physician to improve physiologic function and/or support homeostasis that has been altered by somatic dysfunction.
Bogginess
A tissue texture abnormality characterized principally by a palpable sense of sponginess in the tissue, interpreted as resulting from congestion due to increased fluid content.
Contracture:
Abnormal shortening of a muscle due to fibrosis. Most often in the tissue itself, often result of chronic condition. Muscle is no longer able to reach its full normal length.
