Lecture 7 Extinction Flashcards
When does extinction occur ? (3points)
1) A behaviour that has been previously reinforced
2) no longer results in the reinforcing consequence
3) and therefore the behaviour stops occurring in the future
Does any decrease in behaviour qualify as extinction /
No it could be punishment
What is the difference between forgetting and extinction?
In ofrgetting behaviour is weakened with the passage of time during which the person does not have the opportunity to emit the behaviour
In EXT behaviour is weakened because it does not produce reinforcement
Explain how NCR canbe confused with EXT
EXT diminishes behaviour by changing the consequent stimuli
NCR diminshes behaviour by changing the antecedent stimuli
what are the 3 types of EXT ?
1) EXT of behaviour maintained by SOCIAL POSITIVE reinforcement e.g. attention
2) EXT of behaviour maintained by SOCIALLY MEDIATED NEGATIVE reinforcement e.g. escape
3) EXT of behaviour maintained by AUTOMATIC (SENSORY) reinforcement
What do we need to know in order to be able to implement an extinction procedure?
The function of the behaviour
What is PREE ?
Partial Reinforcment Extinction Effect
In what way does the reinforcment schedule determine the results of EXT?
The schedule determines whether EXT results in a rapid decrease or a more gradual decrease.
The more intermittent the schedule the more resistant the behaviour to EXT
What other baseline factors should be considered prior to implemention of EXT procedure? (3 points)
1) The number of reinforcers delivered prior to intervention. More reinforcers greater the resistance
2) Delay to reinforcement. If the delay between response and reinforcement is unpredictable the more resistance EXT.
3) Magnitude - Greater the intensity the more resistance to EXT. Lower amount may result in lower resistance to EXT
Is EXT used in isolation /
EXT is rarely used in isolation.
Waht are the side effects of EXT ? (5 points)
1) Extinction burst
2) Extinction induced aggression
3) Emotional behaviour
4) Spontaneous recovery
5) Response variation
List the main ways in which reinforcement can be used effectively? (8 points)
1) witholding all reinforcers maintaining the problem behaviour
2) Withholding reinforcement consistently
3) Combining extinction with other procedures
4) Using instructions e.g signalled EXT
5) Increasing EXT trials
6) Guarding against unintentional EXT
7) Including signifcant others in EXT
8) Maintaining EXT decreased behaviour
