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Anaphy Midterm > Lecture 7 - Digestive System > Flashcards

Lecture 7 - Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

Posterior part

A

Soft palate

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2
Q

Includes submandibular, sublingual, and parotid glands

A

Salivary Glands

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3
Q

Layer of smooth epithelial tissue

A

Peritoneum

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4
Q

Inflammation of the parotid gland

A

Mumps

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5
Q

Connective tissue of organs in abdominal cavity

A

Mesenteries

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6
Q

Purely serous secretion

A

Parotid Gland

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7
Q

Mesentery connecting lesser curvature of stomach to liver and diaphragm

A

Lesser Omentum

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8
Q

Mixed secretion, predominantly serous

A

Submandibular Gland

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9
Q

Mixed secretion, predominantly mucous

A

Sublingual Gland

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10
Q

Mesentery connecting greater curvature of stomach to transverse colon and posterior body wall

A

Greater Omentum

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11
Q

Throat

A

Pharynx

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12
Q

First part of the digestive system

A

Oral Cavity

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13
Q

Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach

A

Esophagus

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14
Q

Salivary enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates

A

Amylase

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15
Q

Salivary enzymes that are active against bacteria

A

Lysozyme

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16
Q

Occurs when gastric juices regurgitate into the esophagus; caused by caffeine, smoking, or eating or drinking in excess

A

Heartburn

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17
Q

32 teeth in a normal adult

A

Teeth

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18
Q

Incisors, canine, premolars, molars, wisdom teeth

A

Types of teeth

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19
Q

20 baby teeth

A

Primary teeth

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20
Q

Each tooth has a crown, cusp, neck, and root

A

Tooth structure

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21
Q

The center of the tooth

A

Pulp cavity

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22
Q

Hard covering that protects against abrasions

A

Enamel

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23
Q

Wave-like contractions that move food through the digestive tract (Myenteric plexus/Auerbach’s plexus)

A

Peristalsis

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24
Q

Breakdown of enamel by acids from bacteria

A

Cavities

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25
Q

Located in the abdomen

A

Stomach Location

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26
Q

Storage tank for food

A

Stomach Function

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27
Q

Produces mucus, hydrochloric acid, and protein-digesting enzymes

A

Stomach Secretions

28
Q

Can hold up to 2 liters of food

A

Capacity

29
Q

Stomach is stimulated to contract by low blood glucose levels, usually 12-24 hours after a meal

A

Hunger pangs

30
Q

Paste-like substance that forms when food begins to be broken down

A

Chyme

31
Q

Thick, ring of smooth muscle around the pyloric opening

A

Pyloric sphincter

32
Q

Distention of the stomach stimulates mechanoreceptors (stretch receptors) and activates a parasympathetic reflex

A

Gastric Phase

33
Q

25 cm long section containing absorptive cells, goblet cells, granular cells, endocrine cells, microvilli, and many folds

A

Duodenum

34
Q

2.5-meter-long section responsible for nutrient absorption

A

Jejunum

35
Q

A 3.5-meter-long section of the small intestine

A

Ileum

36
Q

Its function is to absorb water from indigestible food and contains the cecum, colon, rectum, and anal canal

A

Large Intestine

37
Q

Joins the small intestine at the ileocecal junction and has the appendix attached

A

Cecum

38
Q

Fluid part moves to pyloric sphincter; solids back.

A

Chyme Movement

39
Q

9 cm structure, often surgically removed.

A

Appendix

40
Q

1.5-meter-long section of large intestine.

A

Colon

41
Q

Straight tube from sigmoid to anal canal.

A

Rectum

42
Q

Last 2-3 cm of the digestive tract.

A

Anal Canal

43
Q

Composed of water, indigestible food, microbes.

A

Feces Product

44
Q

Microbes synthesize vitamin K in large intestine.

A

Microbial Activity

45
Q

Stronger waves moving chyme in orderly fashion.

A

Peristaltic Waves

46
Q

Weighs about 3 lbs; has four lobes.

A

Liver Anatomy

47
Q

Gateway for blood vessels, ducts, nerves.

A

Porta

48
Q

Transports bile out of the liver.

A

Hepatic Duct

49
Q

Formed from hepatic and cystic ducts.

A

Common Bile Duct

50
Q

6-meter-long organ; absorbs nutrients.

A

Small Intestine

51
Q

Produces digestive enzymes; located behind stomach.

A

Pancreas

52
Q

Stimulates pancreas to release bicarbonate-rich secretion.

A

Secretin

53
Q

Stimulates gallbladder to release bile.

A

Cholecystokinin

54
Q

Breakdown of food in stomach and mouth.

A

Digestion

55
Q

Moves food through digestive tract.

A

Propulsion

56
Q

Primarily occurs in duodenum and jejunum.

A

Absorption

57
Q

Elimination of waste as feces.

A

Defecation

58
Q

Dilutes stomach acid; breaks down fats.

A

Bile

59
Q

Bile salts break down lipids into smaller droplets.

A

Emulsification

60
Q

Formed by bile salts; aid lipid absorption.

A

Micelles

61
Q

Transport lipids via lymphatic system.

A

Chylomicrons

62
Q

Active transport into cells with GH and insulin.

A

Amino Acid Transport

63
Q

Ingestion: 2L; Salivary: 1.5L; Gastric: 2L.

A

Fluid Volumes

64
Q

99% of water entering intestine is absorbed.

A

Water Absorption

65
Q

Minerals actively transported across intestinal wall.

A

Mineral Transport

Anaphy Midterm (5 decks)

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