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Anaphy Midterm > Lecture 10 – Lymphatic System > Flashcards

Lecture 10 – Lymphatic System Flashcards

1
Q

Reduce iron availability to microbes.

A

Iron-binding proteins

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2
Q

Directly kill microbes.

A

Antimicrobial peptides

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3
Q

Ability to fight off pathogens and prevent disease. Uses a combination of physical, chemical, and cellular defenses to maintain health.

A

Immunity

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4
Q

Nonspecific immunity present at birth; immediate response; general.

A

Innate immunity

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5
Q

Body’s nonspecific response to tissue damage, which helps recruit immune cells to the site of damage and increases blood flow and permeability.

A

Inflammation

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6
Q

Redness, swelling, heat, and pain.

A

Signs of inflammation

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7
Q

Specific immunity that develops after exposure to specific pathogens; slower but precise; involves learning to recognize and remember pathogens for future defense.

A

Adaptive immunity

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8
Q

Increases interferon effectiveness; inhibits microbial growth; speeds up body reactions.

A

Fever

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9
Q

Skin and mucous membranes; serve as the first line of defense by blocking pathogen entry.

A

Physical Barriers

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10
Q

Foreign substances triggering immune response.

A

Antigens

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11
Q

Substances that inhibit or destroy microbes.

A

Chemical Barriers

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12
Q

T cells directly attack invaders.

A

Cell-mediated immunity

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13
Q

Includes phagocytes, natural killer cells, complement system, and interferons.

A

Cellular Defenses

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14
Q

B cells produce antibodies.

A

Antibody-mediated immunity

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15
Q

Skin and mucous membranes.

A

First line of defense

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16
Q

Antimicrobial substances, inflammation, fever.

A

Second line of defense

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17
Q

Processes that maintain fluid levels and transport lipids.

A

Fluid Balance and Lipid Transport

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18
Q

Prevents tissue swelling by returning fluid to the bloodstream.

A

Drains Excess Interstitial Fluid

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19
Q

Trap microbes.

A

Mucous Membranes

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20
Q

Expel trapped microbes.

A

Cilia and mucus

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21
Q

Fats absorbed from the digestive system are carried by the lymph.

A

Transports Dietary Lipids

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22
Q

Engulf and destroy pathogens.

A

Phagocytes

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23
Q

Destroy infected or cancerous cells.

A

Natural killer cells

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24
Q

Develop in bone marrow and produce antibodies.

A

B Cells

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25
Q

Mature in the thymus, involved in cell-mediated immunity, and attack infected cells directly.

A

T Cells

26
Q

Proteins that prevent viral replication.

A

Interferons

27
Q

Clear fluid similar to blood plasma. It circulates through the lymphatic vessels.

A

Lymph

28
Q

Enhances immune response, leading to pathogen lysis.

A

Complement system

29
Q

Thin-walled structures that transport lymph throughout the body.

A

Lymphatic Vessels

30
Q

Filter lymph and house immune cells like B and T cells.

A

Lymph Nodes

31
Q

Skeletal muscles contracting and relaxing, which helps propel lymph through the lymphatic vessels.

A

Skeletal Muscle Pump

32
Q

Changes in pressure during breathing that facilitate the movement of lymph.

A

Respiratory Pump

33
Q

Small, blind-ended vessels that absorb interstitial fluid.

A

Lymphatic capillaries

34
Q

Helps circulate immune cells to areas of infection or injury.

A

Lymphatic Flow

35
Q

Drain lymph into the bloodstream, returning it to circulation.

A

Thoracic Duct and Right Lymphatic Duct

36
Q

Organs where lymphocytes mature.

A

Primary Lymphatic Organs

37
Q

Located in flat bones and ends of long bones; produces mature B cells and immature T cells.

A

Red Bone Marrow

38
Q

Site where immature T cells migrate to mature into functional T cells.

A

Thymus

39
Q

Organs where immune responses are activated.

A

Secondary Lymphatic Organs

40
Q

Concentrated near mammary glands, axillae, and groin.

A

Lymph Nodes (secondary)

41
Q

Drains lymph into right internal jugular and subclavian veins.

A

Right Lymphatic Duct

42
Q

Largest mass of lymphatic tissue in the body.

A

Spleen

43
Q

Drains lymph into left internal jugular and subclavian veins.

A

Thoracic Duct

44
Q

Egg-shaped masses of lymphatic tissue without a capsule.

A

Lymphatic Nodules

45
Q

Small vessels merging to form larger lymphatic vessels.

A

Lymphatic Capillaries

46
Q

Bring lymph into lymph nodes.

A

Afferent Vessels

47
Q

Allow lymph to exit lymph nodes.

A

Efferent Vessels

48
Q

Bind to antigens, neutralizing pathogens.

A

Antibodies

49
Q

Most common immunoglobulin providing long-term immunity.

A

IgG

50
Q

Found in mucous membranes, protecting body surfaces.

A

IgA

51
Q

First antibody produced during an immune response.

A

IgM

52
Q

Involved in B cell activation.

A

IgD

53
Q

Associated with allergic reactions.

A

IgE

54
Q

Persist after infection for faster response.

A

Memory Cells

55
Q

Introduces harmless antigens to stimulate immunity.

A

Vaccination

56
Q

Lymphocytes multiply to fight specific antigens.

A

Clonal Selection

57
Q

Actively fight infection in the body.

A

Effector Cells

58
Q

Antibodies attacking the body’s own cells.

A

Autoantibodies

59
Q

Activate B cells and cytotoxic T cells.

A

Helper T Cells

60
Q

Destroy infected cells directly.

A

Cytotoxic T Cells

61
Q

Decline in immune function with age.

A

Aging and Immunity

62
Q

Regular vaccinations boost immunity in elderly.

A

Elderly Vaccinations

Anaphy Midterm (5 decks)

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