Lecture 6: Sterile Liquid Formulations Flashcards
Peripheral Vascular Access Devices
-needle
-over-the-needle catheter
Central Vascular Access Devices
-peripherally-inserted central catheter (PICC)
-surgically implanted
IV setup
-piggyback
-svp
-drip chamber
-LVP
-Y site
-IV to patient
Admin sets
-basic set
-add-a-line set (2 Y sites)
-volume control set
-ADD-vantage system
-MACROdrip
-MICROdrip
volume control set
-more precise for concentration
-similar to IV bag just better control
Media fill
-ampule to vial to IV bag to patient
ADD-Vantage bag
-vial and bag have rubber seal
-connect them and they will mix and stay sterile
-minimal risk of contamination and saves time
-too expensive tho
MACROdrip
-default
-large quantities
-faster
MICROdrip
-small amts
-60gtt/mL
-used in pediatrics
-patients who needs small or closely regulated amts of IV solution
-better control
Drop conversion factor (Drop number)
-tells how many drops per mL
-not accurate but good estimate
Poiseuille’s Law
rate=driving force/resistance
components of resistance to flow (dec rate)
-tubing (macrobore vs microbore)
-in-line filter
-viscosity of IV fluid
-length of tubing
-venous backpressure
Volume fill
if liquid more viscous
actual drop number depends on
-viscosity
-surface tension
-density
butterfly needle
-harness around needle to prevent injury from movement
-peripheral access
over-the needle catheter
-metal pierces vein
-lowers risk of cutting vein w flexible plastic
-peripheral access
central venous therapy
-infusion of large volume of fluid
-multiple infusions
-long-term infusion therapy
-infusion or irritating meds like potassium
-infusion of fluids of high osmolarity
-parenteral nutrition
Central Lines
-PICC (peripherally inserted central catheter)
-put needle in then catheter then screw it in
-its a hassle so bro better need it
Central Line Brand names
-Hickman
-Broviac
Hickman catheter
-requires surgical insertion
-dacron cuff prevents excess motion
Vascular access port
-use non coring needle
-bent
Advantages of central venous therapy
-access to central veins
-rapid infusion of large amt of ffluid
-can draw blood and measure CV pressure
-reduce need for repeated venipunctures
-reduce risk of vein irritation from infusing irritating substances
Risks of central vein therapy
-sepsis
-thrombus formation
-perforation of vessel and adjacent organs
-air embolism
-cost
-req skill of insertion
Complications from damage to inner lining of vein
-stenosis (narrowing)
-thrombus (clot
-venous occlusion
-chemical inflammation (phlebitis) and pain
Flow control devices
-controller
-pumps
Controllers
-use gravity
Infusion Pumps
-powered device
-way more common
-excessive pressure can be a hazard
Infusion Pump pressure
-2-12 psi
-high pressure used for intra-arterial infusions
Use of infusion pumps does NOT
does NOT tuen the drip chamber into an ornamental item
Syringe pumps
-use commercial syringes
-smart machines
-good for intermittent IV meds
-provide best control for small volume infusions
-useful for kids
other pumps
-patient controlled analgesia
-ambulatory
-implantable
patient controlled analgesia
-pain relief at lower dose
-patient pushes button
ambulatory pumps
-can clip it on ur belt
-no external power source needed
implantable pumps
-use for IV, intraspinal, intraarterial
-very very low dose less than 50ml low as 1mcL
