lecture 6 - regulation of animal cell shape

Question 1

List the 3 main components of the cytoskeleton.

Answer 1

microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments

Question 2

Which component of the cytoskeleton resists compression?

Answer 2

microtubules

Question 3

Which component of the cytoskeleton would you use for contraction of muscle?

Answer 3

microfilaments

Question 4

Which component of the cytoskeleton would you use for holding organelles in place?

Answer 4

intermediate filaments

Question 5

Which component of the cytoskeleton would you use for cytoplasmic streaming?

Answer 5

microfilaments

Question 6

Microtubules radiate out from the centrosome. True or false

Answer 6

True

Question 7

What are 2 functions of microtubules that provide cell motility.

Answer 7

flagella, cilia

Question 8

Which component of the cytoskeleton would you use for organelle motility.

Answer 8

microtubules

Question 9

Which cytoskeleton component/s resist tension

Answer 9

microfilaments, intermediate filaments

Question 10

Which cytoskeleton component helps with maintaining cell shape?

Answer 10

intermediate filaments

Question 11

List 3 major cell junctions.

Answer 11

tight, desmosomes, gap

Question 12

This junction is known as the anchoring junction.

Answer 12

Desmosome

Question 13

Desmosomes are connected into the cell by intermediate filaments. True of False

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Describe the functions of tight junctions.

Answer 14

hold neighbouring cells tightly and prevent movement of fluid across cell layers

Question 15

This junction is a point of cytoplasmic contact between 2 cells. What is it and what are some other functions?

Answer 15

gap junctions - ions and small molecules can pass from cell to cell, allows rapid intercellular communication

Question 16

What are the most abundant ECM proteins?

Answer 16

glycoproteins

Question 17

The most abundant ECM glycoprotein is?

Answer 17

collagen

Question 18

Collagen fibres have great tensile strength, where are they embedded in?

Answer 18

proteoglycan complex matrix

Question 19

proteins with extensive sugar additions are called?

Answer 19

proteoglycan

Question 20

What is an important function of the proteoglycan.

Answer 20

It traps water within the ECM which helps retain tissue shape

Question 21

What glycoproteins attach cells to ECM?

Answer 21

Fibronectin

Question 22

Integrins connect the ECM to the cytoskeleton which is important for?

Answer 22

communication between ECM and cell interior

Question 23

By what process is the ECM made from.

Answer 23

endomembrane system