Lecture 6: Nasal And Oral Cavities

Question 1

Meatus are natural canals inferior to the nasal conchae.

Most paranasal sinuses drain to?

Answer 1

Middle nasal meatus

Question 2

Memorise the picture on slide 10

Answer 2

Good one

Question 3

What divides the nasal cavity into two chambers?

Answer 3

Nasal septum

Question 4

What are choanae? “Funnels

Answer 4

-Internal nostrils
-point of transition from nasal cavity to nasopharynx
Slide 12

Question 5

Why do you have to sniff to really smell something?

Answer 5

Because the respiratory area in the nasal cavity is before th olfactory area were odours are detected.

Question 6

What is the nerve innervation of the nasal cavity?

Answer 6

General sensory:
Anterosuperior= ophthalmic nerve (CN V1)
Posteriorsuperior= maxillary nerve (CN V2)
Slide 15

Question 7

What are the 4 paired paranasal sinuses?

Answer 7

Frontal 
Ethmoidal 
Sphenoidal
Maxillary  
Slide16

Question 8

What is the function of the paranasal sinuses?

Answer 8

• they are lined with respiratory epithelium (pseudostratified columnar with cilia)
• filled with air => lightens weight of viscerocranium
• communicate with nasal cavity through small Ostia
• assist in warming and humidifying inspired air
• add some resonance to voice
• drain mucus to nasal cavities via cilia

Question 9

We’re would you palpate all of the sinuses?

Answer 9

Refer to slide 19

Question 10

How are each of the paranasal sinuses innervated?

Answer 10

Frontal sinus?
Supraorbital nerve
Maxillary sinus?
Infraorbital nerve- pain refers to dental arch slide 23

Question 11

What is rhinosinusitis?

Answer 11

Inflammation of paranasal sinuses (usually ethmoid and maxillary)
Caused by obstruction of discharge of normal sinus secretions which compromises normal sterility.
-nasal congestion, facial pain/ pressure, fever, headache, painful maxillary teeth

Question 12

Study the picture of the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx.

Answer 12

Slide 28

Question 13

Pharyngeal tonsils. What are they, what’s their purpose?

Answer 13

They are adenoids which trap and destroy pathogens entering nasopharynx in air

Question 14

What closes during swallowing go prevent food entering the nasal cavity?

Answer 14

Pharyngeal isthmus

Question 15

What area is covered by the ora vestibule and the oral cavity proper slide 36

Answer 15

Oral vestibule: space between teeth and cheeks

Oral cavity proper: space between upper and lower dental arches

Question 16

Learn slide 39 - mandible

Answer 16

Do it

Question 17

Learn slide 41- teeth

Answer 17

Do it

Question 18

What vessels supply the:
Maxillary Upper dental arch
Mandibular lower dental arch

Answer 18

Superior alveolar artery
Inferior alveolar artery
Both arteries branch from Maxillary artery

Question 19

What nerve innervated the gingivae and teeth?

Answer 19

Mandibular nerve CN V3

Which the superior alveolar nerve and inferior alveolar nerve branches off

Question 20

What are the 5 muscles of the soft palate?
Slide 45
And their blood supply, venous drainage, sensory and motor nerves

Answer 20

• tensor veli palatini
• levator veli palatini
• palatoglossus
• palatopharyngeus
• musculus uvulae

Blood supply: gated palatine (branch of maxillary artery)
Venous drainage: pterygoid venous plexus
Sensory: glossopharyngeal CN 9
Motor: vagus

Question 21

Memorise slide 46- tongue

Answer 21

Extrinsic muscles late position of tongue
Intrinsic muscles alter shape of tongue
Motor innervation: hypoglossal nerve (CN 12)

Question 22

What are the muscles of the below tongue?

Know how to label them. Slide 48

Answer 22

Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
Genioglossus

Question 23

What is the blood supply to the tongue

Answer 23

External carotid artery

Question 24

Innervation of the tongue. Slide 51

Answer 24

Fark that

Question 25

What causes a cleft lip and palate?

Answer 25

Failure of messenchymal masses (which go on to be lip/ palate) to meet and fuse in the mid line.