Lecture 6. Metabolism

Question 1

What is the first law of thermodynamics?

Answer 1

The total energy of a system and its surroundings is constant. Energy cannot be created or destroyed

Question 2

What is energy?

Answer 2

The capacity to carry out change

Question 3

What is change in energy approximately equal to in a biochemical reaction?

Answer 3

The change in enthalpy

Question 4

What is an exothermic reaction?

Answer 4

Energy is released by the system

Question 5

What is an endothermic reaction?

Answer 5

Energy is taken up by the system

Question 6

What is the second law of thermodynamics?

Answer 6

Entropy is always increasing in an isolated system

Question 7

What is the equation for Gibbs free energy?

Answer 7

ΔG = ΔH - TΔS

Question 8

ΔG

Answer 8

Change in free energy

Question 9

ΔH

Answer 9

Change in enthalpy

Question 10

ΔS

Answer 10

Change in entropy

Question 11

T

Answer 11

Temperature in Kelvin

Question 12

What does a -ΔG mean in terms of a reaction?

Answer 12

It means the reaction is spontaneous with a loss of free energy - exergonic

Question 13

Enthalpy equation

Answer 13

ΔH = ΔE + pΔV

Question 14

ΔE

Answer 14

Change in energy

Question 15

p

Answer 15

Pressure

Question 16

V

Answer 16

Volume

Question 17

What does a +ΔH mean?

Answer 17

Reaction is endothermic

Question 18

What does a -ΔH mean?

Answer 18

Reaction is exothermic

Question 19

What does a -ΔG mean?

Answer 19

The entropy of the universe is increasing

Question 20

What does a +ΔG mean?

Answer 20

The reaction is unfavourable or not spontaneous - endergonic

Question 21

ΔG = 0

Answer 21

The system is in equilibrium - dynamic equilibirum

Question 22

Can living organism achieve overall equilibrium?

Answer 22

No

Question 23

What reaction is close to equilibrium?

Answer 23

G-6-P ⇌ F-6-P

Question 24

Does ΔG predict the reaction rates?

Answer 24

No