Lecture 6 Joint Action Flashcards
When trying to predict movements of basketball players, experts did not outperform novices when
Static slides were shown, suggesting that experts may have tapped into their own action repertoire
Synchronisation
Planned coordination
What part of the body is important for proprioceptive knowledge?
Golgi Tendon
Two types of joint action
Emergent –> Momentary way to synchronise joint action
Planned
To succeed in joint action
A must predict B and B must predict A
Synchronisation is
moving together at the same time and or same place
–> Three forms of synchronisation
Form
Time
Phase
Spinal Level
How the nerves interact to send information to or away from the brain
Movement is
Controlling imbalance due to displacement of centre of gravity
Proximal level
Whole body
Distal Level
Arm, leg or foot e.g.
Information-processing theory
Practice makes perfect!
–> The focus is on mostly on the development of the technique of the motor programme
–> Repeat, repeat, drills, drills
(kinda bs lol)
Why is information-processing theory bad
Difficult to transfer to game
May not be specific enough to help you with what you want
May also choke
Doesn’t help with decision making
Dynamical System Theory
Less static and more dynamic
Looking at where patterns emerge in the system as a result of the controller
–> Not just repitition repition but what happens when something
–> How does the system (the human) adapt
Coupled Oscillators
How do bodies move in and out
How is a flock of birds a coupled oscillator
It is an emergent system, there is no planned behaviour or controllers. The system of birds changes as a result of whats happening inside the flock.
How do dynamic systems differ from information processing models
By the way the action is produced.
–> They are emergent as motor behaviour results from the interaction of many systems such as biological. These constantly change
–> Skilful behaviour results from the high-dimensional interactions within and between the actor and the environment
Ecological Psychology
Affordance
What are the elements in the environment that afford movement.
–> So if you step onto a step it is affording you the opportunity to step onto it. If it was water it wouldn’t be an affordant principle.
–> Aspects of the environment that invite/elicit behaviour
The mutuality of the performer and the environment
The action of individuals cannot be understood without reference to their specific environment
–> The environment plays a HUGE role
–> Successful performance in any setting you must include the environment
According to the ecological psychology theory how should you learn?
Learning should provide performers the opportunities to learn to perceive the key specifying information sources within a performance environment in order that they are able to produce functional solutions
Perception action coupling
Practice needs to be representative for actions that you want to do. Novices dont typically have this while pros do.
–> If you practice in a mirror novice dancers might miss their partners hand as they relied on visual perception when training
Behaviour emerges via a process of
Self-organisation as a result of the key constraints that are acting on the system
Similarities between dance and sport
Emphasis on technical skill mastery
Emphasis on body control
Injuries frequently
High Goals
Hard Training.
Differences between dance and sport
Musicality
Emotional
Subjective performance criteria
Is a mirror an affordance for dancers?
Yes it affords the ability to get feedback
When dancers have mirrors, in the study
Synchronisation increased when either member looked into it
