Development Lecture 3

Question 1

Barker Theory

Answer 1

That future health was based on birth weight

Question 2

Exposure to famine during gestation was defined as what?

Answer 2

Having a daily ration of less than 1000 calories during any 13 week period of gestation

Question 3

Babies exposed to famine in early gestation

Answer 3

Were heavier and longer at birth with a mor efficient placenta

Question 4

Babies exposed to famine in mid/late gestation

Answer 4

Lighter and shorter at birth with a less efficient placenta

Question 5

Exposure to famine at any period of gestation was associated with?

Answer 5

Reduced glucose tolerance and increased chances of type 2 diabetes in men and women

Question 6

Those exposed to famine in ____ gestation had a preference for ____ foods

Answer 6

Early and fatty

Question 7

People with famine in early gestation generally had

Answer 7

Poorer general health than unexposed participants

Question 8

Attachment theory

Answer 8

John Bowlby came up with this

Question 9

What is attachment?

Answer 9

An enduring emotional bond of the infant to the caregiver which enables the infant to deal with stressors and negative emotions

Question 10

Avoidant Attachment

Answer 10

Minimise attachment behavior
–> The baby has learned that when they are under stress the caregiver is not there and cannot be relied on.
(Not picking them up, not responding to them)
–> They explore but dont know how to use the mom as a safe haven as they dont trust them

-Not responding when a baby or child cries
-Actively discouraging crying.
-Not outwardly showing emotional reactions to issues or achievements
-Making fun of a child’s problems
-Showing annoyance at a child experiencing a problem
-Not addressing medical issues or nutritional needs
-Avoiding touch or physical contact

Question 11

Resistant Attachment

Answer 11

Maximise attachment behaviour
–> The caregiver is inconsistent, angry, or anxious
–> You maximize your behaviour to make sure you get what you need
–> you don’t want to be put down as you may not get picked up again
–> They use the safe haven but aren’t as sure how to self-regulate
–> Reluctant to explore the environment and are preoccupied with getting the attention of the caregiver
–> They show exaggerated forms of attachment

Question 12

Disorganized attachment

Answer 12

There is no strategy, they have a fear of caregivers with contradictory behaviors
–> Fear in the attachment relationship serves as the driving force behind disorganization
–> The caregiver has not made a secure and safe place for the child to return to

Question 13

Secure and insecure infants use different _______ when ______

Answer 13

Regulatory behaviors when physiologically stressed
–> Secure infants use self-soothing such as thumb sucking

Question 14

Internalising problems are more associated with

Answer 14

Avoidant attachment

Question 15

Externalising problems are more associated with

Answer 15

Avoidant and disorganised attachment