lecture 6 - canoe migrations

Question 1

What is the branch of Polynesian languages that Te Reo Maori is a part of?

Answer 1

Tahitic

Question 2

What is the ‘Archaic East Polynesian Assemblage’?

Answer 2

Collection of artefacts (adzes, fish hooks, etc) that show the connections between early East Polynesians, and differences to rest of Polynesia

Question 3

What is the ancestral homeland of Maori?

Answer 3

Hawaiki

Question 4

Which Maori man is said to have discovered NZ?

Answer 4

Kupe

Question 5

Where is the Hawaiki Zone?

Answer 5

In the East of the Polynesian Triangle

Question 6

What are the reasons for migrants leaving Hawaiki?

Answer 6

conflict over land/resources/marriage but NOT environmnetal circumstances, as evidenced by high degree of planning

Question 7

Who was responsible for waka building traditionally?

Answer 7

Tohunga

Question 8

What state were Waka in during construction?

Answer 8

Tapu state

Question 9

What plants were brought to NZ during the Hawaiki migrations?

Answer 9

Taro, hue (gourd), aute (paper mulberry), karaka tree, kumara

Question 10

What animals were brought to NZ during the Hawaiki migrations?

Answer 10

Kiore (pacific rat), kuri (dog)

Question 11

What objects did Maori bring to NZ during te Hawaiki migrations?

Answer 11

tools, weapons, mauri stones, figures of guardian atua

Question 12

When was the first major settlement event in NZ from Hawaiki?

Answer 12

1300AD

Question 13

What is the approximate size of the founding population of Maori, according to mitochondrial DNA evidence?

Answer 13

500 people with 190 females

Question 14

What is the significance of the Wairau Bar settlement?

Answer 14

Strong evidence of direct link to Hawaiki, lots of people from different parts of Hawaiki

Question 15

What was the design of the waka used for migrations from Hawaiki to NZ?

Answer 15

Double-hulled canoes

Question 16

Who were the 2 types of leaders on waka voyages?

Answer 16

Rangatira (caommanders), tohunga (navigation and ritual specialists)

Question 17

What are examples of challenges/hazards to migration voyages from Hawaiki?

Answer 17

shipwreck, disease, malnutrition, disagreements between crews

Question 18

What was the first action of migrants from Hawaiki upon landing in NZ?

Answer 18

Erect tuahu (alters) to thank atua for their protection. Sing karakia, perform rituals,

Question 19

What is the dominant crop used by Maori?

Answer 19

Kumara - tolerates the temperate climate

Question 20

Who was the commander of the Aotea waka?

Answer 20

Turi

Question 21

Who was the commander of the Te Arawa waka?

Answer 21

Tama-te-kapua

Question 22

Who was the commander of the Tainui waka?

Answer 22

Hotorua

Question 23

What is the key challenge experienced by the Kurahaupo Waka?

Answer 23

Wrecked and comes ashore on Tangitahua/Raoul Island

Question 24

What is the key challenge experienced by the Tuwhenua waka?

Answer 24

Leprosy

Question 25

What is the key challenge experienced by the Arai-te-uru waka?

Answer 25

Loses crew and goods in rough seas, which become the Moeraki boulders. Capsizes at Matakaea/shag point

Question 26

What is the key challenge experienced by the Takitimu waka?

Answer 26

Long voyage, hunger then rough seas

Question 27

Where does the Takitimu waka land?

Answer 27

East cape, Southland

Question 28

Where does the Tainui waka land?

Answer 28

East cape and Bay of Islands

Question 29

Where does the te Arawa waka land?

Answer 29

East Cape

Question 30

Where does the Aotea waka land?

Answer 30

The West Coast of the Central North Island