lecture 6 - canoe migrations Flashcards
What is the branch of Polynesian languages that Te Reo Maori is a part of?
Tahitic
What is the ‘Archaic East Polynesian Assemblage’?
Collection of artefacts (adzes, fish hooks, etc) that show the connections between early East Polynesians, and differences to rest of Polynesia
What is the ancestral homeland of Maori?
Hawaiki
Which Maori man is said to have discovered NZ?
Kupe
Where is the Hawaiki Zone?
In the East of the Polynesian Triangle
What are the reasons for migrants leaving Hawaiki?
conflict over land/resources/marriage but NOT environmnetal circumstances, as evidenced by high degree of planning
Who was responsible for waka building traditionally?
Tohunga
What state were Waka in during construction?
Tapu state
What plants were brought to NZ during the Hawaiki migrations?
Taro, hue (gourd), aute (paper mulberry), karaka tree, kumara
What animals were brought to NZ during the Hawaiki migrations?
Kiore (pacific rat), kuri (dog)
What objects did Maori bring to NZ during te Hawaiki migrations?
tools, weapons, mauri stones, figures of guardian atua
When was the first major settlement event in NZ from Hawaiki?
1300AD
What is the approximate size of the founding population of Maori, according to mitochondrial DNA evidence?
500 people with 190 females
What is the significance of the Wairau Bar settlement?
Strong evidence of direct link to Hawaiki, lots of people from different parts of Hawaiki
What was the design of the waka used for migrations from Hawaiki to NZ?
Double-hulled canoes
Who were the 2 types of leaders on waka voyages?
Rangatira (caommanders), tohunga (navigation and ritual specialists)
What are examples of challenges/hazards to migration voyages from Hawaiki?
shipwreck, disease, malnutrition, disagreements between crews
What was the first action of migrants from Hawaiki upon landing in NZ?
Erect tuahu (alters) to thank atua for their protection. Sing karakia, perform rituals,
What is the dominant crop used by Maori?
Kumara - tolerates the temperate climate
Who was the commander of the Aotea waka?
Turi
Who was the commander of the Te Arawa waka?
Tama-te-kapua
Who was the commander of the Tainui waka?
Hotorua
What is the key challenge experienced by the Kurahaupo Waka?
Wrecked and comes ashore on Tangitahua/Raoul Island
What is the key challenge experienced by the Tuwhenua waka?
Leprosy
What is the key challenge experienced by the Arai-te-uru waka?
Loses crew and goods in rough seas, which become the Moeraki boulders. Capsizes at Matakaea/shag point
What is the key challenge experienced by the Takitimu waka?
Long voyage, hunger then rough seas
Where does the Takitimu waka land?
East cape, Southland
Where does the Tainui waka land?
East cape and Bay of Islands
Where does the te Arawa waka land?
East Cape
Where does the Aotea waka land?
The West Coast of the Central North Island
