Lecture 6: Amino Acids Flashcards

1
Q
A

Glycine, Gly, G

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2
Q
A

Alanine, Ala, A

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3
Q
A

Serine, Ser, S

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4
Q
A

Threonine, Thr, T

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5
Q
A

Cysteine, Cys, C

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6
Q
A

Valine, Val, V

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7
Q
A

Leucine, Leu, L

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8
Q
A

Isoleucine, Ile, I

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9
Q
A

Methionine, Met, M

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10
Q
A

Proline, Pro, P

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11
Q
A

Phenylalanine, Phe, F

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12
Q
A

Tyrosine, Try, Y

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13
Q
A

Tryptophan, Trp, W

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14
Q
A

Aspartic acid, Asp, D

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15
Q
A

Glutamic Acid, Glu, E

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16
Q
A

Asparagine, Asn, N

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17
Q
A

Glutamine, Gln, Q

18
Q
A

Histidine, His, H

19
Q
A

Lysine, Lys, K

20
Q
A

arginine, arg, R

21
Q

Arginine

A

Naturally found in red meat, poultry, fish and dairy
Necessary for making proteins and is commonly used for circulation

22
Q

Lysine

A

Essential in proper growth and essential in the production of carnitine, a nutrient responsible for converting fatty acids into energy and helping lower cholesterol

23
Q

Histidine

A

Proton buffering
Peptides important for muscle and brain tissues
Making histamine
Bonding (chelating) of metals

24
Q

Glutamine

A

Removes excess ammonia
Helps your immune system function and may be needed for normal brain function and digestion

25
Q

Asparagine

A

Helps break down toxic ammonia within cells
Protein modification
Needed for making a certain molecule that transmits signals in the brain

26
Q

Glutamic acid

A

Used to form proteins
Turns into glutamate which is a chemical that helps nerve cells in the brain send and receive information from other cells

27
Q

Aspartic acid

A

Helps make other amino acids and some nucleotides
Also plays a role in energy production
Helps send chemical signals through the nervous system

28
Q

Tryptophan

A

Helps make melatonin and serotonin

29
Q

Tyrosine

A

Produces melanin, the pigment responsible for hair and skin color

30
Q

Phenylalanine

A

Essential in making proteins and other vital molecules such as neurotransmitters and hormones

31
Q

Proline

A

The only amino acid where the side chain is connected to the protein backbone twice, forming a five-membered nitrogen-containing ring

32
Q

Methionine

A

Hydrophobic side chains
Regulates metabolic process, the innate immune system and digestive functioning in mammals

33
Q

Isoleucine

A

Hydrophobic side chains
The oxygen-carrying pigment inside of red blood cells and helps to make hemoglobin

34
Q

Leucine

A

Hydrophobic side chains
Essential amino acid for protein synthesis
Carbon skeleton can be used to generate ATP

35
Q

Valine

A

Hydrophobic side chains

36
Q

Cysteine

A

Special amino acid because it contains a reactive sulph-hydryl group
Two cysteine residues form a cystine (disulfide link)

37
Q

Threonine

A

Nucleophilic
Polar uncharged side chains

38
Q

Alanine

A

Hydrophobic side chains

39
Q

Glycine

A

Lack of side chains allow it greater flexibility

40
Q

Serine

A

Nucleophilic
Polar, uncharged side chains