Lecture 6: Amino Acids

Question 1

Answer 1

Glycine, Gly, G

Question 2

Answer 2

Alanine, Ala, A

Question 3

Answer 3

Serine, Ser, S

Question 4

Answer 4

Threonine, Thr, T

Question 5

Answer 5

Cysteine, Cys, C

Question 6

Answer 6

Valine, Val, V

Question 7

Answer 7

Leucine, Leu, L

Question 8

Answer 8

Isoleucine, Ile, I

Question 9

Answer 9

Methionine, Met, M

Question 10

Answer 10

Proline, Pro, P

Question 11

Answer 11

Phenylalanine, Phe, F

Question 12

Answer 12

Tyrosine, Try, Y

Question 13

Answer 13

Tryptophan, Trp, W

Question 14

Answer 14

Aspartic acid, Asp, D

Question 15

Answer 15

Glutamic Acid, Glu, E

Question 16

Answer 16

Asparagine, Asn, N

Question 17

Answer 17

Glutamine, Gln, Q

Question 18

Answer 18

Histidine, His, H

Question 19

Answer 19

Lysine, Lys, K

Question 20

Answer 20

arginine, arg, R

Question 21

Arginine

Answer 21

Naturally found in red meat, poultry, fish and dairy
Necessary for making proteins and is commonly used for circulation

Question 22

Lysine

Answer 22

Essential in proper growth and essential in the production of carnitine, a nutrient responsible for converting fatty acids into energy and helping lower cholesterol

Question 23

Histidine

Answer 23

Proton buffering
Peptides important for muscle and brain tissues
Making histamine
Bonding (chelating) of metals

Question 24

Glutamine

Answer 24

Removes excess ammonia
Helps your immune system function and may be needed for normal brain function and digestion

Question 25

Asparagine

Answer 25

Helps break down toxic ammonia within cells
Protein modification
Needed for making a certain molecule that transmits signals in the brain

Question 26

Glutamic acid

Answer 26

Used to form proteins
Turns into glutamate which is a chemical that helps nerve cells in the brain send and receive information from other cells

Question 27

Aspartic acid

Answer 27

Helps make other amino acids and some nucleotides
Also plays a role in energy production
Helps send chemical signals through the nervous system

Question 28

Tryptophan

Answer 28

Helps make melatonin and serotonin

Question 29

Tyrosine

Answer 29

Produces melanin, the pigment responsible for hair and skin color

Question 30

Phenylalanine

Answer 30

Essential in making proteins and other vital molecules such as neurotransmitters and hormones

Question 31

Proline

Answer 31

The only amino acid where the side chain is connected to the protein backbone twice, forming a five-membered nitrogen-containing ring

Question 32

Methionine

Answer 32

Hydrophobic side chains
Regulates metabolic process, the innate immune system and digestive functioning in mammals

Question 33

Isoleucine

Answer 33

Hydrophobic side chains
The oxygen-carrying pigment inside of red blood cells and helps to make hemoglobin

Question 34

Leucine

Answer 34

Hydrophobic side chains
Essential amino acid for protein synthesis
Carbon skeleton can be used to generate ATP

Question 35

Valine

Answer 35

Hydrophobic side chains

Question 36

Cysteine

Answer 36

Special amino acid because it contains a reactive sulph-hydryl group
Two cysteine residues form a cystine (disulfide link)

Question 37

Threonine

Answer 37

Nucleophilic
Polar uncharged side chains

Question 38

Alanine

Answer 38

Hydrophobic side chains

Question 39

Glycine

Answer 39

Lack of side chains allow it greater flexibility

Question 40

Serine

Answer 40

Nucleophilic
Polar, uncharged side chains