Lecture 6

Question 2

how does O2 and CO2 exchange in the capillaries at the alveoli?

Answer 2

passive diffusion

Question 3

1?

2?

Answer 3

1. Bronchiole
2. alveoli

Question 4

Answer 4

1. Terminal bronchiole
2. Alveoli appear
3. Thick wall of bronchiole

Question 5

An alveolus is a sphere made up of what cell?

Answer 5

pneumocytes

Question 6

1?

2?

3?

Answer 6

1. Respiratory bronchiole
   
   • Similar to terminal bronchioles, but with alveoli
2. Smooth Muscle
3. Alveolus

Question 7

4

5

Answer 7

• 4- Alveolar duct
  
  • A duct made of alveoli
• 5- Alveolar sac
  
  • A cluster of alveoli at the end of an alveolar duct

Question 8

what surrounds an alveolar sac?

Answer 8

1. capillaries
2. elastic fibers

Question 9

1

2

Answer 9

1. Terminal bronchiole
2. Respiratory bronchiole

Question 10

• 3?
• asterisks?

Answer 10

3- Alveolar ducts
Stars- alveolar sac

Question 11

1. What is this a photo of?
2. blue circle?

Answer 11

1. pneumonia, containing mucous and leucotyes in the bronchiole
2. alveoli filled with leukocytes and macrophages

Question 12

1. what are the 2 types of pneumocytes?
   
   • what type of cell is it?
   • what does each do?

Answer 12

1. Type I pneumocyte
   
   • Simple squamous- for gas exchange
2. Type II pneumocyte
   
   • cuboidal- secretes surfactant (lipoprotein)

Question 13

1?

2?

Answer 13

1. type I pneumocyte
2. type II pneumocyte

wont have to differentiate in lab

Question 14

3?

4?

Answer 14

3- capillary and RBC

4- Alveolar macrophage

Question 15

1. what is it
2. What is it
   
   • what does it allow?

Answer 15

1. alveolar macrophage
2. alveolar pore
   
   • allows alveolar macrophage to go through and move from one alveolus to another

Question 16

1. what is the interalveolar septum
2. what does it contain?

Answer 16

1. Connective tissue between two adjacent alveoli
2. elastic fibers
   
   • interalveolar connective tissue
   • capillaries (highly vascularized)

Question 17

what are 2 forces that resist alveolar distension

Answer 17

1. elastic resistance
2. surface tension exerted by a thin film of fluid on the inner alveolar surface of alveoli

Question 18

1. What does the wall of the alveoli have a tendency to do alone?
2. why?

Answer 18

1. collapse
2. surface tension exerted by a thin film of fluid on the inner alveolar surface of alveoli

Question 19

1. what does surfactant do to surface tension?
2. what does it do during inspiration?
3. exhalation?

Answer 19

1. Surfactant lowers surface tension
2. During inspiration- Easier to inflate alveoli
3. During exhalation- Alveoli do not collapse

Question 20

what is the equation of pressure exerted on the alveoli?

Answer 20

• P=2T/r

P= pressure

T= tension

r= radius

Question 21

1

2

3

Answer 21

1. Type I pneumocyte
2. Type II pneumocyte
3. basal lamina

Question 22

4

5

6

Answer 22

4- endothelium

5- blood gas barrier

6- capillary

Question 23

what 3 parts make up the blood-gas barrier?

Answer 23

1. type I pneumocyte
2. basal laminae
3. endothelial cell

Question 24

1?

2?

3?

Answer 24

1. type I pneumocyte
2. basal laminae
3. endothelial cell

Question 25

1? 2?

Answer 25

1. alveolus 2. capillaries