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BMS 334 (Histology) > Lecture 4 > Flashcards

Lecture 4 Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q

what are the 3 functions of the respiratory system

A
  1. Brings appropriate amount of cleansed (particulate matters, microbes, etc) and conditioned (humidified, warmed, cooled) air into close contact with blood flowing through the pulmonary capillaries, so that the exchange of O2 and CO2 by passive diffusion can take place efficiently.
  2. Olfaction
  3. Sound production
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3
Q

1

2

3

4

A
  1. nostril
  2. nasal cavity
  3. hard palate
  4. nasopharynx
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4
Q

what is 5

6

7

8

A

5- brain

6- tongue

7- larynx

8- trachea

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5
Q

what is 1

2

3

4

A
  1. Trachea
  2. Bronchi
  3. Bronchiole
  4. Terminal bronchioles
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6
Q

is the epithelium the same throughout the cunducting airways of respiratory tract?

A

Changes from the nasal cavity to terminal bronchioles

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7
Q

what are 3 parts of the Propria-submucosa in respiratory tract

A
  1. Loose connective tissue
  2. Smooth muscle
  3. Seromucous glands
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8
Q

which parts of conducting airways have cartilage

A

Trachea & Bronchi

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9
Q

what type of cartilage is in the trachea and bronchi

A

hyaline

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10
Q

what are the 3 regions of nasal cavity

A
  1. Rostral 1/3: Cutaneous region)
  2. Caudal 2/3: Respiratory region
  3. Olfactory region
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11
Q
  1. what epithelium is found in nasal cavity
  2. nasopharynx
A
  1. nasal cavity, caudal 2/3 -Ciliated pseudostratfied columnar epithelium
    • also called respiratory or olfactory epithelium
    • nasal cavity, cutaneous region (rostral 1/3) - stratified squamous epithelium
  2. **Nasopharynx- **Ciliated pseudostratfied columnar epithelium
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12
Q

what type of epithelium is in the

  1. Larynx
  2. Trachea
  3. Bronchi
A

Ciliated pseudostratfied columnar epithelium for all

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13
Q
  1. what type of epithelium is in the bronchioles
  2. terminal bronchioles
A
  1. Ciliated simple columnar epithelium
    • then ciliated cuboidal epithelium
    • Clara cells- Broncholar exocrine cells, along side the cuboidal cells and increase amount as you go down
  2. Ciliated cuboidal epith.

(Cuboidal cells < Clara cells)

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14
Q

What are clara cells

A

broncholar exocrine cells

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15
Q
  1. what is it
  2. what is it
  3. what is it
A
  1. basal cell
  2. ciliated columnar cell
  3. goblet cell
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16
Q
  1. what is the function of ciliated cells
  2. goblet cells
  3. mucous cells
A
    • Ciliated cells: Transport trapped particulate matter
    • Goblet cells: Mucous, things will stick to it
    • Mucous cells: Mucous, things will stick to it
17
Q
  1. function of serous cells
  2. clara cells
A
  1. serous cells- Produce watery serous fluid
  2. clara cells- Produce clara cell secretory protein (CCSP), important in preventing infection, antiinflamatory
18
Q
  1. what is Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD)
  2. what results from this disease?
A
  1. Inherited rare disease in dogs characterized by uncoordinated & ineffective cilia
  2. Slow clearance of mucus & serous fluid
19
Q

What are some signs and symptoms of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD)

A
  1. Chronic respiratory tract infection (chronic mucus plugging & inflammation)
  2. Rhinitis- inflammation of the mucous membrane in nasal cavity
  3. Otitis media- inflammation of middle ear
  4. Male infertility – Sperm flagellum
  5. Reduced pregnancy - Uterine tube
20
Q
  1. what is it
    • what type of epithelium is found here
  2. what is it
  3. what is it
  4. what is it
A
  1. Auditory tube
    • (Ciliated pseudostatified columnar epithelium)
  2. Tympanic cavity
  3. External ear
  4. Nasopharynx
21
Q

why do you get otitis media in primary ciliary dyskinesia

A

auditory tube connects nasopharynx to middle ear and the ciliated epithelium will not protect middle ear from infection getting in

22
Q
  1. why does male infertility happen in primary ciliary dyskinesia
  2. reduced pregnancy
A
  1. sperm use flagellum to swim around and that is affected, so they do not swim as well
  2. uterine tubes contain cilia and do not catch the egg from the ovary to transport to the uterus
23
Q

what type of epilium is the vocal folds and epiglottis

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

BMS 334 (Histology) (14 decks)

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