Lecture 6 Flashcards
What are the three waves of behavioral therapy?
-Behavior therapy (first wave)
-Behavior therapy manifested in cognitive therapy (second wave)
-Incorporate acceptance and mindfulness into standard CBT (third wave)
Name the 3 leading 3rd wave therapies?
Acceptance & Commitment Therapy (ACT)
DBT (Dialectical Behaviour Therapy)
Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy
What is the goal of ACT? (2)
1- Increasing psychological flexibility and creating a rich, full, and meaningful life
2- To undermine the grip of the literal verbal content of thoughts and emotions that leads to avoidance behaviour and to construct an alternative context where behaviour that is in alignment with one’s value is more likely to occur
Who developed ACT, when and when published? What was the focus of it on?
Steven Hayes in 1980’s. Published 1999.
Part of 3rd wave therapies, focus on acceptance and mindfulness.
What are 5 assumptions of ACT?
1 - Quality of life is primarily dependent on mindful, values-guided action
2- Possible regardless of number of symptoms – provided symptoms are responded to with mindfulness.
3- Aims for value-congruent living.
4- Aim is not to get rid of symptoms BUT improve relationship with symptoms – so they don’t hold person back from valued living.
5- Symptom reduction is a bonus.
What is experiential avoidance?
trying to avoid, suppress, or get rid of unwanted/uncomfortable private experiences, even when it’s harmful, costly, or ineffective to do so
What is higher experiential avoidance associated with?
Higher anxiety
More depression
Poorer work performance
Substance abuse
Lower quality of life
High risk sexual behaviour
Experiential avoidance can be saying yes to their boss, so they avoid the experience of not upsetting boss, etc
Look for nuisance in how people do this, often in hidden ways
What is Confronting the agenda of creative hopelessness? (4 questions)
What have you tried to get rid of your symptoms?
Did you succeed in permanently getting rid of them?
What has this cost you?
Has this brought you closer to the way you want your life to be?
He asks clients what do you want out of this process? Usually either I don’t want to be anxious or I want to be happy.
So what have you tried? Is that actually working for you? Most people will say not really.
Bringing to their awareness that what they are doing has a function, but long term it is not helpful and often leads to the problem compounding. Not only for drugs etc but also saying yes to boss all the time etc.
Explore authentically – will this work out for you 10 years down the track? Good for resistant clients, those who are wanting the making secret to change their anxiety etc. We are in the process of change. (This is for Jake who is working with mild-med anxious clients).
What are the 6 ACT therapeutic processes?
AKA hexaflex
1) Present-moment focus – become aware of and being open to what is going on for you – thoughts, feelings, sensations
2) Acceptance of what you become aware of
3) Using de-fusion methods
4) Self -as -context = a consistent perspective from which to observe and accept all changing experiences (The observing self)
5) Choosing (values clarification, committed action)
6) Committed action
What is the triflex?
- present moment, open up, committed action
Anxiety is usually future focused, and depression typically past, so bring the client into the right here and right now.
WHat is the ACT theraputic relationship based on? (5)
1 - therapist acts as a coach (not a life expert)
2- helps client identify thoughts and emotions that interfere with effective action
3- functions and a value clarification trainer
4 - facilitates with respect and acceptance
5 - teaches mindfulness and acceptance skills
What is dropping anchor and what is it recommended for?
A powerful tool to contact the present moment
Recommended for: emotional dysregulation, hyper/hypo arousal, dissociation, overwhelming emotions, panic attacks, flashbacks
What is ACE?
Acknowledge, center, engage
Who can mindfulness be harder for?
People with ASD and ADHD
