Lecture 6

Question 1

LGBTQ+ youth experience discrimination blankx more frequently than heterosexual peers

Answer 1

3x

Question 2

Lgbtq+ youth have increased risk of blank, blank and blank

Answer 2

suicide, depression, and anxiety

Question 3

What is minority stress:

Answer 3

Accumulated stigma and discrimination that marginalized groups experience.

Question 4

The minority stress model suggests sexual minorities experience:

Answer 4

unique stress beyond general stress, resulting in negative health outcomes

Question 5

Origonally minority stress model was conceptualized for

Answer 5

sexual minorities

Question 6

Two types of stressors that lead to negative health outcomes:

Answer 6

distal stressors and proximal stressors

Question 7

Distal stressors are external experiences.: give two examples.

Answer 7

physical abuse and microaggressions

Question 8

Proximal stressors: an internal process-

Answer 8

how an individual responds to distal stressors

Question 9

What are an example of distal stressors?

Answer 9

individual is misgendered
distal stressor:= misgendering
proximal stressor= fear of rejection

Question 10

blank blank and blank associated with greater suicidal ideation

Answer 10

family rejection and bullying

Question 11

Chang et al. 2020 study objectives

Answer 11

is there an association between minority stress and suicide-related disclosure intentions

which facets of minority stress is associated with disclosure intention?

Question 12

Methods of Chang et al. Parental consent was

Answer 12

waved by the institutional review board

Question 13

Five items measured by Chang et al. 2020

Answer 13

identity management, negative expectations, family rejection, homeonegative communication, internalized homogativity,

Question 14

Define identity management and negative expectacies

Answer 14

identity management: i am questioning my sexual orientation

negative expectations: I am concerned that if I am lgbtq, I will have a worse life than if I were straight

Question 15

Define ramily rejection and homonegative communication

Answer 15

family rejection- i have to lie to my family about being LGBTQ

homeonegative communication: I have heard a family member make negative comments about gays

Question 16

define internalized homonegativity

Answer 16

if i could, i would become straight

Question 17

Label all five items as promimal of distal stressors

Answer 17

proximal, proximal, distal,distal, proximal

Question 18

Results: Greater lifetime minority stress was associated with

Answer 18

lower intentions to disclose suicidal ideation

Question 19

Higher levels of which subscales were significantly associated with lower suicide disclosure intention

Answer 19

all of the 5

Question 20

LGBTQ reported the lowest intentions to disclose their suicidality to (3)

Answer 20

family, spiritual counselors, emergency room personnel

Question 21

reported the highest intentions to disclose their suicidal ideation to

Answer 21

LGBTQ specific crisis service phone hotline, mental health professional, other LGBTQ+

Question 22

2 implications of the study

Answer 22

Youth already experience stigma due to identity.

afraid of additional stigma related to suicide

Question 23

eagle study created the national climate survey on homophobia, transphobia, and biphobia in the Canadian schools survey: survey asked lgbteq+ youth and cisgender/heterosexual youth about: (3)

Answer 23

school inclusion, harassment at school, school safety

Question 24

Verbal hassment had 5 categories.

Answer 24

sexual orientation, percieved sexual orientation, gender identity, percieved gender identity, gender expression

Question 25

What were the results in all 5 categories

Answer 25

Transgender youth were most likely to experience verbal harrassment across all 5 categories

Question 26

reporting verbal harassment, compared to child youth, 2lgbtq+ youth were less likely to tell

Answer 26

staff, parents or other adults about experience with verbal harrassment

Question 27

2 reasons for not reporting verbal harrasment to staff: for both cisgender/heternormative and 2spirit

Answer 27

largest reason: not serious enough to report

second largest: thought school wouldn’t do anything

Question 28

Where do students feel unsafe at school: two top answers

Answer 28

1. washrooms and 2. change rooms

Question 29

Family case involving trans and gender non-confirming youth in Canada: case 1

Answer 29

child wants to transition and parent disagrees

Question 30

In this first case what legal framework must be considered:

Answer 30

best interests of the child’s standard

Question 31

Court typically favours which parent

Answer 31

gender affirming parent

Question 32

Ireland v irealand in ontario- gender non confirming child: who was awarded custody

Answer 32

Mother awarded sole custody because she was ‘more understanding and sensitive to’ the child’s gender questioning than father

Question 33

What happens if a child wants to transition against their parents’ wishes? capable minors can make treatment decisions, capacity has two points

Answer 33

understand information relevant to treatment
understands foreseeable consequences of treatment

Question 34

if child deemed capable of consent

Answer 34

their decision to transition can overpower a parents objection to this

Question 35

Case 2: AB vs CD involves

Answer 35

14 year old transgender boy, diagnosed with gender dysphoria and hormone therapy needed

Question 36

what did the father do in this case:

Answer 36

filed court order to prevent treatment

Question 37

judge found what

Answer 37

a child capable of consenting

Question 38

What is gender-based violence:

Answer 38

The use and abuse of power and control over another person

Perpetuated against someone based on their gender identity

Question 39

wisdom2action sought two do two things

Answer 39

examine LGBTQ+ youth’s experiences with gender-based violence

identify recommendations to help support LGBTQ+ youth impacted by GBV

Question 40

Results: theme sexual violence

Answer 40

Lack of Public Safety and Prevalence of Street Harassment

Interpartner violence is overlooked

fetishization(straight men find lesbians attractive)

Question 41

theme 3 results: violence in schools

Answer 41

bullying slurs misgendered, teachers failing to create an inclusive enviornment

Question 42

Theme 4: lack of safety in family contexts:

Answer 42

identity rejected at home, hide identity to family, being kicked out by parents

Question 43

theme 5: negative experiences with health and social services

Answer 43

Healthcare providers not trained

Self-advocate for own healthcare needs

Question 44

three important calls to action:

Answer 44

education incentives, housing and homelessness, health and social services