Lecture 10

Question 1

What are the two perspectives on disability

Answer 1

medical vs social model

Question 2

Medical model: diability is caused by

Answer 2

biological impairment

Question 3

social model: disability is caused by

Answer 3

barriers in society

Question 4

Why is the model someone takes on important

Answer 4

approach the person adopts influences their treatment of youth with disabilities

Question 5

The medical model views disability as:

medical model focuses on:

Answer 5

A medical phenomenon that results from impairments in body functions or structures

Focuses on biological elements of disability

Question 6

Social model views disability as

focuses on

Answer 6

A consequence of environmental, social and attitudinal barriersthat prevent people with an impairment from maximum participation in society

focuses on social elements of disability

Question 7

Medical model vs social model: perceptions toward individuals with disabilities

Answer 7

medical model: individual has biological impairment or abnormality

social model: individual is unique

Question 8

targets of intervention: medical vs social

Answer 8

medical: treat disability

social: reduce barriers, stigma and bias

Question 9

agent of remedy medical vs social

Answer 9

medical: healthcare professional

social model: government, institutions, advocates

Question 10

The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Committee has recommended that the Canadian government:

Answer 10

Develop a data collection strategy that is nationwide (identify needs + inform equitable policies)
Ensure data collected is disaggregated
Ensure data collected surveys children below 15
Collect longitudinal data

Question 11

Canada has ratified two United Nations treaties with specific provisions for children with disabilities:

Answer 11

Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC)
Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD)

Question 12

convention on the rights of the child article 2: states

Answer 12

States Parties shall respect and ensure the rights set forth in the present Convention to each child within their jurisdiction without discrimination of any kind

Question 13

Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Article 9 – Accessibility. states that parties should

Answer 13

state parties should take appropriate measures to identify and eliminate any obstacles and barriers to accessibility

Question 14

state parties should take appropriate measures to identify and eliminate any obstacles and barriers to accessibility: includes 2 things

Answer 14

Buildings, roads, transportation and other indoor and outdoor facilities, including schools, housing, medical facilities and workplaces.
b) Information, communications and other services, including electronic services and emergency services.

Question 15

examples of eliminating barriers to information/communication

Answer 15

Audio assistance on the bus

Question 16

Example of eliminating barriers to electronic services:

Answer 16

speech to text

Question 17

example of eliminating barriers to other services

Answer 17

emergency services (safe fire route)

Question 18

Toronto Transit commission offers wheel-trans: which is a door to door service for

Answer 18

people with mobility issues

Question 19

TTC plans to

Answer 19

divert 50 per cent of Wheel-Trans users to the conventional TTC system

Question 20

Concerns with TTC plan

Answer 20

elevators

Question 21

convention on the rights of persons with disabilities is in article number what

Answer 21

24

Question 22

article 24 states

Answer 22

State Parties should provide an inclusive education system at all levels.

Question 23

Ontario education system not inclusive toward children with

Answer 23

autism

Question 24

Article by lord et al 2020 outlines 4 ways ontario education system fails to meet article 24

Answer 24

1. inadequate individual support and parent participation
2. lack of funding for education
3. voluntary segregation
4. language used fits medical model

Question 25

inadequate individual support and parent participation: school requirement for autistic students to receive individual education plan, written in colab with parents. what actually occurs

Answer 25

parents report collab is non existent or inadequate

Question 26

Lack of funding and training for teachers

Answer 26

teachers state they do not feel properly trained

Question 27

Voluntary segregation: examples

Answer 27

Inequities experienced in public schools  voluntary enrollment in private schools
Costs thousands of $

Question 28

language indicitive of medical model

Answer 28

Ontario Ministry of Education’s monograph on students with autism lists “learning problems” and “significant impairments” that autistic students face

Question 29

Article 25 provides persons with diabilities the same range, quality and standard of

Answer 29

free or affordable healthcare and programmes

Question 30

Autism characterized by 2 things

Answer 30

1. prescence of repetitive and restricted behaviours (repeating words and resistant to change)
2. Impairments in social communication and social interaction

Question 31

What are some barriers or challenges that hinder social participation in children and youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)?
name themes emerged

Answer 31

theme 1: limited understanding of social situations

theme 2: maldaptive behaviours

theme 3: Conflicting Priorities andRestricted Nature ofTraining

Question 32

Limited understanding of social situations examples

Answer 32

Parents reported children with ASD may not understand their peers may want to win games

Question 33

maladaptive behaviours: example

Answer 33

inability to engage in activities outside of their interests

inhibility to inhibit desires

poor impulse control

Question 34

theme 3: conflicting priorities and restricted nature of training: issues with interventions led by teachers/clinicians

Answer 34

Most pre-school interventions only focus on academic skills

Social skills not prioritized in Individualized Education Plan (IEP)

Question 35

restricted nature of training

Answer 35

Children with ASD spend more time in one-on-one lessons with educators than playing with peers

Question 36

implications of study findings:

Answer 36

Need to allow children with ASD to practice social skills by placing them in social settings