Lecture 6 Flashcards
What is endometriosis
Occurs when endometrial tissue (lining of the uterus)
grows outside of the uterus,
Endometriosis commonly occurs where?
Ovaries
Fallopian tubes
Connective Tissues
Vagina
Cervix
Bowel & Rectum
Bladder
Endometriosis is most common between what ages?
30-40
What percent of women between 15-44 does endometriosis effect?
11%
What are risk factors for endometriosis?
Nulliparous
Menstrual Periods over 7 days
Menstrual cycles under 27 days
Family History
What are common symptoms of endometriosis
Pain
Bleeding & spotting
Infertility
Digestive disturbances
Interstitial Cystitis/Painful Bladder Syndrome
is what
Chronic (long-term) pain condition that affects the bladder, and sometimes the pelvis/genitals
Interstitial Cystitis effects who more?
More women than men
primarily white women
How many american women are effected by interstitial cystitis
3-8 million
What is a common differential diagnosis with interstitial cystitis
Chronic urinary tract infection
What is the most common kind of dysmenorrhea
Primary dysmenorrhea
What is primary dysmenorrhea
Pain caused by contractions of uterus. Teens may get it during their first period. For most women it gets less painful as they get older.
What are the risk factors of primary dysmenorrhhea
Menarche began before age 11
Long or heavy periods
Smoking
Stress
What is secondary dysmenorrhea
Causes by other conditions such as
Endometriosis
Uterine Fibroids- Noncancerous tumors on wall of uterus
Ovarian Cysts - Fluid filled sacs on ovary
What is the female athlete triad
AKA Relative Energy Deficiency Syndrome
syndrome of poor health and
declining athletic performance that
happens when athletes do not get
enough fuel through food
Can effect any gender and age
What is anorexia
A mental health disorder in which a person severely limits the amount of food they eat to prevent weight gain.
Characterized by intense fear of weight gain
Effects more women than men
What is bulimia
Mental health disorder characterized by binging and purging (vomiting, laxatives, or over-exercising).
Signs & Symptoms include
* Swollen cheeks or jaw area
* Calluses or scrapes on the knuckles (if using fingers to induce vomiting)
* Tooth decay
* Broken blood vessels in the eyes
* Acid reflux, constipation, and other gastrointestinal problems
* Severe dehydration
Who does buliemia primarly effect?
Younger Women age 15-29
Bulemia effects _% of women
2%
What is Binge Eating Disorder
Binge eating at least once a week for 3 months or more
Eating to the point of discomfort/ faster than normal
What % of women have binge eating disorder?
3%
Typically begins in early 20s
What can increase the risk of binge eating disorder by a factor of 12
Dieting
What races are primarily effected by binge eating disorder
Black
Hispanic
Asian
What mental health conditions effect women more than men
Anxiety, Depression, PTSD by x2
BPD
Body Dysmorphia
Daistasis Rectus
Abdominus
separation and thinning of the rectus abdominus
muscles and stretching of the
linea alba by > 2 inches
Prevelance of Daistasis Rectus
Abdominus
Week 21 of Gestation: 33%
Week 6 Post Partum: 60%
6 Months post Partum: 45.4%
1 Year post partum: 32.6%
What is pregnancy related pelvic girdle pain?
LBP at Lumbo-Sacral, SIJ, and Pubic Symphysis
Effects 20% of women
Signs and Symptoms of Pregnancy Pelvic Girdle Pain
Autoimmune conditions primary effect _____ about __% of the time
Women
75% of the time
Why are women more effected by autoimmune disease?
Advanced immune system compared to men
What auto immune diseases effect women disproportionately?
Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis 10:1 ratio
Systemic Lupus 9:1
Graves disease 7:1
Rheumatoid Arthritis 2.5:1
What are the most common causes of death in women?
Heart disease 21.8%
Cancer 20.7%
Chronic Lower Respiratory Disease 6.2%
Stroke 6.2%
Alzheimers 6.1%
After the age of 85, Women have more _____ than men
Stroke
It is ________ for a woman aged 20-39 to have a stroke compared to men
x2
Note: More women than men will have a repeat stroke after 5 years as well
What are the unique riskfactors for stroke in women?
Preeclampsia or gestational diabetes
Hormonal birth control while smoking
Hormone replacement therapy
Menopause
Most breast cancer begins in the ______ or _____
Ducts or Lobules
There are ___ new cases of breast cancer every year for every 100,000 women
100
Breast cancer makes up about ______ of cancer diagnosed in women
One third
The median age of breast cancer diagnosis is
62
Very few are diagnosed before 45
Breast cancer prevelance increases with __ peaking around ______
Age
Peaking around 75-80
Breast cancer risk factors
What is the most common cancer of the female reproductive system?
Ovarian cancer
What is the chance of developing ovarian cancer in a lifetime?
1 in 78
More than half of women diagnosed with ovarian cancer are over what age?
63
Who does ovarian cancer primarily effect?
White women
Ovarian Cancer risk factors
Age
Family History
Genetic Mutation: BRCA1 BRCA2 Lynch Syndrome
Breast/Uterine/Colon cancer
Eastern European or jewish
Endometriosis
Never given birth/ trouble getting pregnant
Where does cervical cancer come from in most cases?
HPV virus
Cervical cancer is frequently diagnosed between what ages?
35-44
Note: still primarily effects older women, 20% of cases in over 65
Hispanic women have the highest risk of ____ cervical cancer
Black women have the highest risk of _____ cervical cancer
Hispanic: Being diagnosed with
Black: Mortality from cervical cancer
What are the risk factors for cervical cancer
HIV, smoking,
increased parity (over 3 births)
Over 5 years on oral contraceptive
higher number of sexual partners
How many women over 65 have osteoporosis?
1 in 4
Higher _____ levels before menopause help prevent osteoporosis
Estrogen
Why do women have osteoporosis more than men?
Live Longer
Menopause
Smaller bones
What are the risk factors of osteoporosis
Small thin frame
Menopause
White/Hispanic/Asian
Insufficient Vit D, Calcium
Low physical activity
Amenorrhea
Eating Disorder
Smoking/Alcohol
Why does pelvic floor dysfunction develop?
Due to weakening of the structures that support the pelvic floor
What are examples of pelvic floor dysfunction
Pelvic organ prolapse
Stress incontinence
Urge incontinence/overactive bladder
Fecal incontinence
What causes pelvic floor dysfunction
Pregnancy
Aging(menopause)
Genetics
Obesity
Smoking
Chronic Constipation
Pelvic organ prolapse effects what % of women?
About 30% or 1 in 3
Pelvic organ prolapse happens ____
Gradually
Stress urinary incontinence effects what percent of women
30% or 1 in 3
Overactive bladder effects what percent of women?
15% of women of all ages
What causes overactive bladder?
Destrussor muscle contraction
Accidental bowel leakage effects what % of women
6% of younger women and 15% of older women
What are the risk factors of Accidental Bowel Leakage?
Vaginal delivery with Grade IV perineal tear
Use of Forceps or vacuum in vaginal delivery
Diabetes
Radiation therapy
CNS disorders
Severe Constipation
What gender suffers more from constipation?
Women more than men
19.7% vs 10.6%
Chronic constipation effects 1-8% of americans
