Lecture 5 Flashcards
3 Leading causes of male death?
Cardiac diease 24.2%
Cancer 21.9%
Unintentional injuries 7.6%
Male suicide death rate?
2.6%
What is the most common heart condition in the US?
Coronary Artery disease 47.7%
What is the second most common cardiac disease death in the US
Stroke 16.4%
What is atherosclerosis
hardening of arteries due to plaque
What are the 3 most common symptoms of CAD
Chest pain- because heart muscle doesnt get enough blood
arrythmia - irregular heart beat
heart attack- plaque blocks arteries that carry blood to heart
Warning signs of heart attack
Chest discomfort (can come and go or last several minutes)
Pain in other areas of body
Shortness of breathe with or without chest pain
Cold sweat/nausea/ light headedness
What are the main risk factors for heart disease?
Hypertension
High Cholesterol
Tabacco use
Diabetes
Overweight
….
What percent of men smoke?
22%
What percent of men have high blood pressure
32%
What percent of men are overweight
25.8%
What is a coronary angioplasty
Placing a catheter into artery and using a balloon to open it up
Coronary artery bypass surgery
Vein taken from another part of the body to bypass the blockage
What are the 3 most common cancers in men
Prostate 10.1M
Lung 7M
Colorectal 4.4M
Prostate weight by age
At birth – 1.5 grams
Puberty – 11 grams
Mid 20s – 18 grams
70s – 31 grams
Throughout life, the prostate increases x__ in size
x21
The prostate grows ______
Inward decreasing the width of urethra
Enlargement of the prostate is associated wiht decreased…
Testosterone
The prostate is the size of a
Walnut
20% of men in their 50s have
Benign prostatic hyperplasia BPH
This increases to 60% in their 60s and
70% in their 70s
Benign prostatic hyperplasia can cause…
LUTS
Lower urinary tract symptoms
frequency, urgency, urge incontinence, nocturia,
hesitancy, intermittent stream, dribbling, weak
stream, urinary retention, chronic UTI
What are behavioral/lifestyle changes to help with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms
Reduce Caffine
Reduce PM fluids
Timed Voiding
Urgency Suppression
True or false: Most men with prostate cancer are already older and do not die from the disease
True
What race has the highest incidence of prostate cancer
Black people
Symptoms of prostate cancer
Difficulty starting urination
Weak or interupted flow of urine
Frequent urination
Difficulty emptying bladder completely
Pain or burning during urination
Blood in urine or semen
Persistent pain in back/hips/pelvis
Painful ejaculation
Digital rectal exam is for what
Prostate cancer
-Feel the size/tenderness/shape of prostate with finger tip
Prostate specific antigen test
PSA is a protein released by the prostate when there is prostate cancer
Dietary recommendations for prostate cancer prevention
- Eat lots of veggies and fruits
- Eat cooked tomatoes, watermelon, pink grapefruit
- Sources of lycopene, a potent antioxidant in the prostate
gland - Eat less meat (i.e. red meat)
- Low sugar- sugar increases insulin which increases
conversion of testosterone to estrogen
Men with incontinence on average reported more ________ compared to women
restrictions on social activities
Urine leaks when you exert pressure on your
bladder by coughing, sneezing, laughing, exercising
Stress incontinence
You have a sudden, intense urge to urinate
followed by an involuntary loss of urine. You may need to urinate often,
including throughout the night. Urge incontinence may be caused by a
minor condition, such as infection, or a more severe condition such as a
neurological disorder or diabetes.
Urge incontinence
You experience frequent or constant dribbling
of urine due to a bladder that doesn’t empty completely.
Overflow incontinence
You experience more than one type of urinary
incontinence — most often this refers to a combination of stress
incontinence and urge incontinence.
Mixed incontinence
Men’s PT treatments of urinary dysfunctions
Kegels
Behavior modifications
Neuromuscular re-education
Functional Training
E-Stim
What is hypogonadism
Decreasing testosterone levels due to aging
Review this
K
Causes of “male menopause”
Pituitary/testes decline
Excessive alcohol consumption
Obesity
Smoking
Hypertension
Medications
diet
lack of exercise
poor circulation
Psychological problems - depression
__% of men over 50 will have an osteoporsis related fracture in their lifetime
25%
Most common cause: testosterone deficiency
True or false: There’s a higher chance of having an osteoporosis related fracture over 50 than there is having prostate cancer
True
Primary osteoporosis is related to….
Whereas secondary is related to….
Primary: age
Secondary: Lifestyle, disease, medications
Risk factors for osteoporosis
Alcoholism, caffine, immobilization, medication
What is the deadly quartet of metabolic syndrome
Diabetes
Obesity
Hypertension
Dyslipedema
Metabolic syndrome is a name for a group of risk factors that increase risk for diabetes, stroke, or heart disease
Prevelance of metabolic syndrome in US?
25% of population
Abdominal fat often coorelates with
Visceral fat
True or false, apple shape body is worse than pear shape
True
Metabolic syndrome is strongly coorelated with low
testosterone
Men with hypogonadism have a 2.3 times increase in risk for
Diabetes and insulin resistance
Metabolic syndrome requirements
If you have 3 or more of the requirements on the chart.
Waist circumference
Triglycerides
Blood Pressure
Fasting Glucose
Losing as little as ___% of bodyfat can reduce insulin resistance and blood pressure
5-10%
Other treatments for metabolic syndrome: Fiber rich food, exercising 30 minutes 5-6 times a week
Males are x_ more likely to die from drowning
x4 more likely
Alcohol is involved in 50% of cases
What are the leading causes of unintentional injuries in men
Motor vehicle accidents
Drug poisoning
Take note of this chart
Guys in their 20s are in more accidents than their teens
Girls in their teens are in more accidents than their 20s
Depression effects _ million women and _ million men in america
12 million women
6 million men
75% of suicides are male
Men show fewer warning signs and are more likely to act on suicidal thoughts
