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Developmental Concepts > Lecture 2 > Flashcards

Lecture 2 Flashcards

1
Q

“Middle age” age range?

A

40-65

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2
Q

“Adulthood” Age range?

A

22-40

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3
Q

What age is advanced materal age?

A

35

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4
Q

What is erickson’s stage of midlife?

A

Generativity vs stagnation

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5
Q

_______________ involves reaching out to others in ways that give to and guide the next generation
Although parenting is a major means of realizing
___________, it is not the only means

A

generativity

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6
Q

The definition of a midlife crisis is a period of
transition in life where someone struggles with
their identity and self-confidence. It happens
anywhere from _________________ years old and
affects men and women.

A

40-60 years old

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7
Q

In mid-life vision is affected by ________ – loss of accommodative ability of the lens. Reading glasses may be needed

A

Presbyopia

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8
Q

Vision changes in middle adulthood?

A

Reduced vision in dim light
Increased sensitivity to glare
Diminished color discrimination
Risk of glaucoma increases

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9
Q

Presbycusis means what?

A

age-related hearing loss, begins with a
decline in detection of high frequencies and then
spreads to other tones

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10
Q

In middle age, The ability to distinguish sounds occurring in _____________ declines and eventually human speech
becomes harder to decipher

A

close succession

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11
Q

Muscle strength declines at age __

A

30

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12
Q

Each decade, _% of muscle mass is lost

A

5%

Leading to increased muscle strains

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13
Q

LE muscular strength reduced by __% between ages 30-80

A

40%

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14
Q

Body composition changes in middle age

A

Muscle mass declines
Decreased strength & endurance
Fat deposits increase

A low-fat diet with regular exercise, including resistance
training can offset excess weight and muscle loss

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15
Q

Osteoporosis definition

A

severe age related bone loss

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16
Q

Osteoporosis effects __% of adults over 50, mainly women

A

10%

approximately 10 million people

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17
Q

From middle to late adulthood, osteoporosis increases _____ in women,, and _____ in men

A

fivefold in women (from 7 to 35 %)

triples in men (from 3 to 11 %)

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18
Q

True or false: Osteoporosis may not be evident until a fracture occurs

A

True

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19
Q

Osteoporosis typically causes fractures where?

A

Fractures typically occur in the spine, hips, and/or wrist

20
Q

To treat osteoporosis, doctors recommend:

A

A diet enriched with calcium and vitamin D

Weight bearing exercise

Resistance training

Bone strengthening medications

21
Q

When does coordination decline?

A

30

Varies among individuals: More physically active adults may not experience as significant of a decline

22
Q

Age related change to vestibular system happens when?

A

40

  • Decreased number of
    sensory cells and
    nerve fibers in the
    peripheral nervous
    system
  • Neural changes
    possible in the
    vestibular nerve
23
Q

Common issues for over 50:

A

Dizziness and vertigo

24
Q

Age related changes to vestibular system: * __% reduction in hair cells and __% reduction in
peripheral nerve fibers in adults over 70

A

40% reduction in hair cells

36% reduction in periphreal nerve fibers

25
Q

As you age you have: _______ thresholds of excitation of vestibular nuclei

A

increased

Which causes poor balance

25
Q

Menopause is divided into three basic stages

A

Perimenopause -> menopause -> Post Menopause

25
Q

Vestibular system becomes______ when visual and proprioceptive input conflicts

A

unreliable

26
Q

The perimenopause or pre-menopause stage occurs about _______ years before menopause

A

3-5

27
Q

Most females begin to experience symptoms of perimenopause in their mid to late __. It is rare to notice symptoms prior to age __

A

40s

28
Q

What menopause stage is this?
During this stage, estrogen and progesterone levels begin to fluctuate. Individuals may begin to experience mood changes, irregular menstrual cycles and other menopausal symptoms.

A

Perimenopause

During this stage, it’s still possible to get pregnant, so continuing a form of birth control is important.

29
Q

Menopause is defined as

A

the absence of menses for 12 straight
months without other causes, such as illness, medication or pregnancy.

30
Q

The average age of menopause is __, but the age can vary greatly. Some enter this stage in their mid-forties and others not until
mid-fifties.

A

51

31
Q

What menopause stage is this?
Signals the end of the female’s
reproductive years. While the ovaries produce low levels of estrogen and progesterone, females will no longer ovulate or menstruate.

Individuals may
continue to have the same symptoms they experienced during the other stages for many years, but it gets better overtime

A

Post menopause

32
Q

Females in post menopause are at an increased risk of ____________________ due to the decrease in estrogen.

A

Heart disease and osteoporosis

33
Q

Menopause symptoms often can be managed by ____

If symptoms are intense enough to disrupt quality of life, then you might need ____

A

Diet, Exercise, or lifestyle modifications

Hormone replacement therapy or other medications

34
Q

________ refers to the
symptoms men
experience as their
testosterone production
levels decrease with age.

A

andropause

35
Q

After the age of __,
testosterone levels start
to decline and the
symptoms associated with
andropause begin to
manifest

A

40

36
Q

Heart Disease is the _______ most common cause of death in people between 45 to 64 yrs

A

second

37
Q

About __% of middle age Americans die
from cardiovascular disease

A

25%

38
Q

What 3 condiitons are often referred to as the “silent killers” of cardiovascular disease b/c they have often have no symptoms

A

Atherosclerosis

High blood pressure

High cholesterol

39
Q

What is the average blood pressure of an adult over 65

A

150/85

ARE WE SURE ABOUT THIS

40
Q

Leading cause of death among people ages 45 to 64 is what?

A

Cancer

41
Q

What is the most common cancer in females?

In males?

A

Breast Cancer

Prostate Cancer

42
Q

What are the 2nd and 3rd most common cancers in both genders?

A
  1. Lungs
  2. Colon
43
Q

From early to middle adulthood, the death rate due to cancer multiples _______, accounting for about __ percent of all midlife deaths in the US.

A

tenfold

30%

Developmental Concepts (7 decks)

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