Lecture 6

Question 1

External obliques: origin

Answer 1

ribs 5-12

Question 2

External obliques: insertions (3)

Answer 2

linea alba, iliac crest, pubic crest

Question 3

External obliques: actions (bilateral and unilateral)

Answer 3

Bilateral: contraction: flexion of the vertebral column; abdominal compression
Unilateral: contraction: lateral flexion; trunk rotation (contralateral side)

Question 4

Internal obliques: origin (2)

Answer 4

thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest

Question 5

Internal obliques: insertions (3)

Answer 5

linea alba, pubis, inferior ribs & costal cartilage

Question 6

Internal obliques: actions

Answer 6

same as external oblique except: rotation to ipsilateral (same) side

Question 7

Rectus abdominis: origin

Answer 7

pubic symphysis

Question 8

Rectus abdominis: insertion (2)

Answer 8

xiphoid process, costal cartilage of ribs 5-7

Question 9

Rectus abdominis: actions (2)

Answer 9

flexion of the trunk, abdominal compression

Question 10

what is the rectus abdominis seperated by?

Answer 10

linea alba

Question 11

what are the horizontal fibrous bands that seperate rectus abdominus into segments called?

Answer 11

tendious intersections

Question 12

Transverse abdominus: origins (3)

Answer 12

costal cartilage of inferior ribs, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia

Question 13

Transverse abdominus: insertions (2)

Answer 13

linea alba, pubis

Question 14

Transverse abdominus: action

Answer 14

abdominal compression

Question 15

what is the rectus sheath?

Answer 15

formed by aponeurosis (cheet-like tendon by which muscles connect to bone or fascia) of external & internal obliques and transverse abdominis
encloses rectus abdominis
ceonverge at linea alba

Question 16

Trapezius: origins (2)

Answer 16

occipital bone of the skull, spinous processes of the thoracci vertebrae (T1-T12)

Question 17

Trapezius: insertion

Answer 17

scapula (acromion and scapular spine); lateral aspect of clavicle

Question 18

Trapezius: sections

Answer 18

upper, middle, lower

Question 19

Trapezius: actions (upper, middle, lower)

Answer 19

upper: elevate scapula
middle: retract scapula & upward rotation of scapula (arm abduction)
lower: depress scapula (arm abduction)

Question 20

Latissimus dorsi: origins (4)

Answer 20

spinous processes of lower thoracic vertebrae & lumbar vertebrae (T6-L5), sacrum, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia

Question 21

Latissimus dorsi: insertion

Answer 21

humerus (intertubercular groove)

Question 22

Latissimus dorsi: actions (3)

Answer 22

adduction of arm, extension of arm, medial rotation of arm at shoulder

Question 23

Latissimus dorsi: innervation

Answer 23

thoracodorsal nerve (bracial plexus)

Question 24

Levator scapulae: origin

Answer 24

transverse processes superior cervical vertebrae (C1-C4)

Question 25

Levator scapulae: insertion

Answer 25

superior/medial border of scapula

Question 26

Levator scapulae: action

Answer 26

elevation of the scapula

Question 27

Levator scapulae: innervation

Answer 27

dorsal scapular nerve (brachial plexus)

Question 28

Rhomboids (major and minor): origin

Answer 28

spinous processes of C7-T5)

Question 29

Rhomboids (major and minor): insertion

Answer 29

medial border of the scapula

Question 30

Rhomboids (major and minor): actions (2)

Answer 30

retraction of the scapula, downward rotation of the scapula (arm adduction)

Question 31

Rhomboids (major and minor): innervation

Answer 31

dorsal scapular nerve (brachial plexus)

Question 32

Teres major: origin

Answer 32

inferior angle of scapula, posterior aspect

Question 33

Teres major: insertion

Answer 33

medial lip of intertubercular groove

Question 34

Teres major: actions (3)

Answer 34

adduction of arm, extension of arm, internal rotation of arm

Question 35

Teres major: innervation

Answer 35

lower subscapular nerve (brachial plexus)

Question 36

Eretor spinae muscles: 3 paired longitudinal muscles

Answer 36

Lateral –> medial
iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis (I Like Standing)

Question 37

Eretor spinae muscles: actions (bilateral, unilateral)

Answer 37

bilateral contraction: extension of the vertebral column
unilateral contraction: lateral flexion of the vertebral column