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Anatomy Exam 1 > Lecture 6 > Flashcards

Lecture 6 Flashcards

1
Q

how many cervical vertebra are there

A

7

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2
Q

how many thoracic vertebra are there

A

12

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3
Q

how many lumbar vertebra are there

A

5

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4
Q

how many fused sacrum vertebra are there

A

5

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5
Q

how many coccyx vertebra are there

A

4

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6
Q

what are the 2 types of abnormal spinal curvatures

A

kyphosis

scoliosis

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7
Q

what plane is kyphosis in

A

sagittal plane

hunchback

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8
Q

what plane is scoliosis in

A

coronal (frontal) plane

side to side

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9
Q

what types of scoliosis is there and what do the associate with

A

osteopathic scoliosis = curvature due to BONE disease (one side of bones is fused together while the other side has too big of spaces)

myopathic scoliosis = curvature due to MUSCLE weakness

paralytic scoliosis = curvature due to muscle paralysis (also considered myopathic because one side is paralyzed and the other side has muscle issues)

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10
Q

what are the normal curvatures of the spine

A

cervical

thoracic

lumbar

sacral

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11
Q

how many non-fused vertebra does a normal person have?

A

24

7 C + 12 T + 5 L = 24

fused vertebra start at sacrum

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12
Q

transverse foramina is only on what vertebra

A

cervical

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13
Q

a body is on all vertebra but what
and why

A

C1 - Atlas

gave it to C2

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14
Q

what vertebra has transverse costal facets

A

thoracic

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15
Q

what vertebra has BIFID spinous processes

A

cervical

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16
Q

between what bones allows you to nod YES?

A

occipital condyles and C1 - Atlas

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17
Q

between what bones allows you to shake NO?

A

C1 - atlas & C2 - axis

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18
Q

thoracic vertebra connect to how many ribs?

A

24

12 vertebra. and one has 2 sides (12x2)

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19
Q

how many articular surfaces are found on T6?

A

12

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20
Q

tubercle of rib articulates with what

A

transverse costal facet

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21
Q

head of rib articulates with what

A

demi facet

22
Q

what are lumbar vertebrae for

A

to bear weight

23
Q

where are back problems usually at

A

lumbar vertebra

24
Q

where are neck problems usually at

A

cervical vertebra

25
Q

sacrum is foundation for what

A

pelvic girdle

26
Q

is the sacrum fused or non fused

A

fused

27
Q

sacral canal is formed by what

A

vertebral foramina

28
Q

what is the coccyx

A

tailbone

29
Q

what bones make the pelvic girdle

A

ilium ischium pubis

30
Q

what is the thoracic cage and what is it for

A

rib cage

protection of heart lungs liver stomach

31
Q

how many pairs of ribs do we have

A

12

32
Q

how many total ribs does one have

A

24

33
Q

how many true ribs do we have

A

7

34
Q

how many false ribs do we have

A

5

35
Q

true ribs __ is directly connected to ___

A

1
manubrium

36
Q

true ribs ___ directly connect to ___

A

2-7 (6)

body of sternum

37
Q

false ribs ___ INdirectly connect to ___

A

8-10 (3)

sternum

38
Q

false ribs ___ are ___

A

11-12 (2)

floating ribs

39
Q

what is the purpose of floating ribs

A

to protect kidneys

40
Q

what ligament prevents hyper extension (leaning backward)

A

anterior longitudinal ligament

(the one from the front keeps from going back. opposite)

41
Q

what ligament prevents hyperflexion (leaning forward)

A

posterior longitudinal ligament

(the one on the back keeps from going forward)

42
Q

what is made when fibrocartilage is between adjacent centra

A

intervertebral disc

43
Q

what ligament is located in the middle bottom of your head and what is its purpose

A

Nuchal ligament

prevents the head from falling off

stops at C7

44
Q

nucleus pulposus is surrounded by

A

annulus fibrosus

45
Q

in a slipped disc, rupture of ___ squeezes out of ___

A

nucleus pulposus

anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments AND through annulus fibrosus

46
Q

compression of the cervical spinal nerves and blood vessels is a result of

A

whip lash

47
Q

what is osteophyte

A

when you age, and the nucleus pulposus loses water and that results in shrinking

48
Q

what is osteopenia

A

osteoblasts become less active and bone becomes thin/weak

leads to osteoporosis

happens with age

49
Q

what is osteoporosis

A

when bone mass decreased to the point where normal function is compromised

can go wrong and causes problems

50
Q

what is the cause of supernumerary ribs

A

thoracalizarion of C7

Anatomy Exam 1 (8 decks)

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