Lecture 5 - Role of state/local gov Flashcards
What are the 3 levels of government in public health?
-local - city/county (NYC dept of health)
-State - NYS dept of health
-Federal (HHS)
Which branch keeps track of record keeping and medical cases??
LOCAL
Reporting sequence…
local to state –> state to federal
In which scenarios would local report to state AND federal?
infectious disease - to limit spread
Which branch provides resources? (budget)
ALL to varying degrees
Which branch generates policies?
mostly local and state (some federal)
vaccines, sealt belt laws, smoking ages, legalizing marijuana?
STATE
The state mainly controls……
INDIVIDUAL policies
Who controls industry workplace safety?
FEDERAL sets minimum standards and the STATE can enforce tougher standards
Who monitors?
ALL
Who monitors restaurants?
local
who monitors schools?
local
Who monitors seat belt laws and motor safety?
within city = local
highway = state
Who monitors business/industry?
mostly STATE and FEDERAL but in big cities it can be LOCAL
Who controls sanitation?
local
What do local health departments have but they usually can’t do anything with it??
discretionary authority to pass laws without state legislature. Easily challenged by judicial review
Most money for campaigning comes from….
the state, but federal gives money to “special interest groups” such as Planned Parenthood. Local can also fund in big cities
What is the ultimate authority that allows laws to be written??
The constitution
What are some NONgovernmental organizations that play an important role in public health
hospitals
businesses
religious and charitable organizations
Does the constitution ever mention health?
NO, but the 10th amendment says that all other powers not mentioned are granted to the states
Public health has been a responsibility primarily of…..
the states
Are there any federal laws that mandate vaccinations for children?
NO - ONLY APPEARED DURING COVID FOR FEDERAL EMPLOYEES
What does the preamble of the Constitution state?
gives the govt obligation to promote the general welfare and to REGULATE INTERSTATE COMMERCE
Why is it significant that the federal government has authority to “regulate interstate commerce?”
FDA - regulation of food, drugs, medicine, cosmetics that are made in a state and will be sold to all states
The federal government has “_______” for the states
money with strings. they have funding for certain things as long as the states agree to the terms
Can a state restrict an individual’s freedom for the common good?
YES
How the law works…..
- Legislature passes a statute
- Statute may be challenged in court
- Decision of the court may be appealed to higher courts
What is OSHA?
Occupational Safety and Health Act (within the dept of labor)
When was OSHA created?
1970
What is the most common LOCAL health department?
County health department
How does the local health department get funds?
Some get funding from their state, others don’t get as much. property and sales tax
Who is charged with licensing medical personnel?
the state
Who is responsible for people who don’t have health insurance?
the state
Which 2 presidents tried to have health insurance for all?
Nixon and Clinton
Does the united states have a national plan ensuring medical care for all its citizens?
NO
Where does funding for the state health department come from?
state taxes and federal grants
