Lecture 5 - physiology of the airway

Question 1

During nasal breathing how is the tongue lay

Answer 1

pushed up against hard palet

Question 2

What type of nerve runs between pressure receptors and brainstem ( in pharyngeal dilator reflex)

Answer 2

trigeminal nerve -afferent

Question 3

What type of nerve runs from brainstem causes pharyngeal muscle contraction ( in pharyngeal dilator reflex)

Answer 3

vagus nerve -efferent

Question 4

Name some causes of snoring

Answer 4

obesity, alcohol, sedative drugs

Question 5

what is mucus released in response to?

Answer 5

airway irritation, tobacco smoke, infection

Question 6

what inhibits the cilia

Answer 6

tobacco smoke, inhaled anaesthetics, air pollution, infections

Question 7

Why is nose breathing better than mouth breathing

Answer 7

conchae in nasal passage slow down air so more time for conditioning

Question 8

What does the CFTR protein allow in a normal cell

Answer 8

the entrance on Cl and Na into the cell- regulates movement of water and therefore the thickness of mucus

Question 9

What types of particles can be deposited in the bronchioles?

Answer 9

particulate pollen, stone dust, asbestos

Question 10

Name 3 non-immunological systems for pulonary defence

Answer 10

physical barrier & removal, chemical inactivation, alveolar macrophages

Question 11

Where are IgA found

Answer 11

nose and large airways

Question 12

where are IgG found

Answer 12

small airways

Question 13

what are IgE released in response to?

Answer 13

allergic disease