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infectious disease midterm > Lecture 5 Part 1 > Flashcards

Lecture 5 Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

is hepatitis A acute or chronic

A

acute

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2
Q

is hepatits B acute or chronic

A

can be either, but is acute most of the time

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3
Q

is hepatits C acute or chronic

A

chronic

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4
Q

is hepatitis E acute or chronic

A

usually acute. very rarely becomes chronic

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5
Q

true or false

most hepatitis viruses have a specific tropism for the liver

A

FALSE – all do

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6
Q

true or false

ALL hepatitis viruses replicate in hepatocytes

A

true

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7
Q

true or false

each hepatitis virus comes from a distinct individual family of viruses

A

true

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8
Q

name the virus for HAV (hepatitis A)

A

picornavirus (RNA+)

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9
Q

name the virus for HBV (hepatitis B)

A

hepadnavirus (dsDNA)

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10
Q

name the virus for HCV (hepatitis C)

A

flavivirus (RNA+)

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11
Q

name the virus for HDV (hepatitis D)

A

delta virus (RNA-)

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12
Q

name the virus for HEV (hepatitis E)

A

calicivirus (RNA+)

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13
Q

what are the most common hepatitis viruses

A

A,B,C

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14
Q

For which hepatitis viruses is there a vaccine?

A

hepatitis A, B, and D

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15
Q

which hepatitis viruses are transmitted primarily through the fecal oral route

A

A and E

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16
Q

which hepatitis viruses are most commonly transmitted via the parenteral route

A

B and C

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17
Q

can hepatitis D result in a chronic infection?

A

yes
50-70% of the time

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18
Q

which hepatitis virus is a major cause of infectious hepatitis

A

hepatitis A

19
Q

HAV reaches the liver via…..

A

hepatic portal system

20
Q

is hepatitis A oncogenic

A

no

21
Q

HAV is cleared by what cells

A

NK cells, cd8 t cells, antibodies

22
Q

name 4 symptoms of hepatitis A

A

fever anorexia jaundice nausea

23
Q

explain the movement of HAV

A

slowly replicates in hepatocytes
shed into bile to small intestive via the bile duct
shed in the stool 10 days before symptoms occur

24
Q

HAV is transmitted via the ____ but infects the ____. what can you conclude from this?

A

transmitted via the oral fecal route (picornavirus) yet infects the liver. therefore, it travels through viremia – gets to liver through hepatic portal system

25
Q

what goes up to signal hepatic cell injury, and thus viral infection? (hepatitis)

A

alanine aminotransferase

26
Q

true or false

hepatitis A can be seen in the feces before it ever gets to the liver

A

true

27
Q

which virus makes DECOYS? what do these decoys consist of?

A

hepatitis B
consists of the dane particle with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) ONLY with no nucleic acid inside

28
Q

how is hepatitis B virus unique in what it contains?

A

it’s a DNA virus that contains reverse transcriptase. replicates itself through an RNA intermediate

29
Q

do humans encode a reverse transcriptase?

A

no

30
Q

how is hepatitis B transmitted?

A

in bodily fluids

31
Q

does HBV often result in chronic infection?

A

NO — sometimes

32
Q

true or false

hepatitis B can be symptomatic or asymptomatic

A

true

33
Q

what is the name of the hepatitis B surface antigen

A

HBsAg

34
Q

what is the name of the hepatitis B CORE antigen? what does it do?

A

HBcAg
forms the ICOSAHEDRAL CAPSID for hepatitis B

35
Q

WHY does HBV give minimal cytopathix damage?

A

it slowly replicates in the hepatocytes

36
Q

what is HBeAg used as?

A

not really clear — used as a marker

37
Q

what are the antibodies produced in response to
HBsAg
HBcAg
HbeAg

A

anti-Hbs
anti-Hbc
anti-Hbe

38
Q

what is the name for the hepatitis b surface antigen and what does it consist of

A

HBsAg
3 polypeptides—- L M S

39
Q

true or false

HBV does NOT contain protein kinase

A

FALSE — it does

40
Q

dane particle consists of…

A

S plus some M antigen

41
Q

explain the structure of DNA in HBV

A

double strand with a gap

42
Q

when a new HBV virus is released from a cell, what comes with it?

A

HBsAg is released with the decoys

HBeAg is also released (glycoprotein marker)

43
Q

what enzyme destroys the RNA in an RNA DNA hybrid when making new HBV?

A

rnase H

44
Q

chronic, active HBV infection eventually reaches…

A

a plateau

infectious disease midterm (9 decks)

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