Lecture 5 - Meninges

Question 1

Meningeal layers

Answer 1

Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater

Question 2

Dura mater

Answer 2

Tough fibrous
Smooth 
Doesn't dip into sulci and fissure 
Double layer in cranium
Fuses with the periosteum lining the inner table of the vault bones
Single layer in spinal cord

Question 3

Leptomeninges

Answer 3

Pia mater and arachnoid mater

Question 4

Arachnoid mater

Answer 4

Dips into fissures but not sulci
Loose CT
Soft and translucent

Question 5

Pia mater

Answer 5

Thin and delicate
Adherent to the brain
Runs along with sulci and fissure

Question 6

subarachnoid space

Answer 6

Between the arachnoid mater and pia mater

Contains CSF and blood vessels

Question 7

” layers of dura

Answer 7

Periosteal dura

Meningeal dura

Question 8

Dural venous sinus

Answer 8

Separation of the 2 layers of dura filled with venous blood

Question 9

Dural folds

Answer 9

Elongation of the meningeal layer

Question 10

Falx cerebri

Answer 10

Elongation of the meningeal layer of the dura mater
Attached to the crista galli of the cribriform plate
Separates the 2 hemispheres in the longitudinal fissure

Question 11

Tentorium cerebelli

Answer 11

Horizontal and attached to the falx cerebri superiorly

Question 12

Confluence of sinuses

Answer 12

Connects the superior saggital sinus with the inferior saggital sinus

and:
Occipital, transverse and straight sinus

Question 13

Bridging veins

Answer 13

Connect the cerebral veins within the subarachnoid space to the dural venous sinuses by traversing the subdural space

Question 14

Emissary veins

Answer 14

Connect scalp veins with the dural venous sinus by traversing the bone

Question 15

Types of intracranial haemorrhage

Answer 15

Extradural
Subdural
Subarachnoid

Question 16

Extradural haemorrhage

Answer 16

Bleeding between the inner table of bone and the periosteal layer of dura

Lemon shaped
Lucid interval
Fractures pterion damages the middle meningeal artery

Question 17

Subdural haemorrhage

Answer 17

Bleeding between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater

Common in elderly due to brain atrophy causing the bridging veins to stretch with increased tension. Increasing the risk of tear

Banana shaped

Question 18

Subarachnoid haemorrhage

Answer 18

Between the arachnoid mater and pia mater

Can occur due to ruptured aneurysm or secondary to trauma

Bleed in the circle of Willis

Blood can mix with CSF - sudden often fatal

CT and lumbar puncture if inconclusive

Question 19

Intracerebral haemorrhage

Answer 19

Bleeding within brain itself due to:

• contusions
• tearing of white matter