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CAPS391 Winter 2024 Review > Lecture 5: Lower Limbs > Flashcards

Lecture 5: Lower Limbs Flashcards

1
Q

medial border of hip bone

A

ridge in middle of iliac fossa

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2
Q

auricular surface

A

where hipbone articulates with sacrum. ilium

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3
Q

ischiopubic ramus

A

bridges btw ischium and pubis of hip bone

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4
Q

pubic symphysis

A

where L and R hip bone connect

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5
Q

superior pelvic aperture

A

inside ring around hip/pelvis

divides pelvic area into 2 smaller regions: greater/false pelvis- sits superior to the aperture

lesser/true pelvis- inferior

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6
Q

inferior pelvic aperture components

A

pubic symphysis
ischipubic ramus
ischial tuberosity
sacrotuberous ligament- bridges btw ischial tuberosity and sacrrum
coccyx

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7
Q

where does femus articulate with hip

A

acetabulum

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8
Q

adductor tubercle

A

bony elevation on medial condyle (distal end of femur)

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9
Q

Intercondylar notch

A

notch btw two condyles of femur. visible posteriorly

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10
Q

linea aspera

A

on posterior side of femur
rough bony line
lots of muscles attach

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11
Q

purpose of sesamoid bones and example

A

prevent friction btw tendons of muscles and joints. faciliate fxn of muscle they are embedded in

ex: femur

biomechanical POV: increase efficiency of muscle. just because of patella, our quads can generate up to 30% more power

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12
Q

Tibia

A

long bone, articulating proximally with condyles of femur
* Two articular surfaces- exception!! They are not convex, they are concave, but still condyles

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13
Q

tibial tuberosity

A

bony elevation proximal end of tibia

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14
Q

distal end of tibia?

A

large bony process- medial malleolous: easily palpable

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15
Q

proximal end of fibula

A

= head.
below head= neck, weakest part. if you break it, damage nerve, can’t do dorsiflexion. impacts gate

fractures are rarely fixed. head of fibula does not touch femur, so it doesn’t receive body weight. almost no role in transfering body weight. insignifcant bone. remove upper 2/3rds if fractured. have to save distal third because it has role in fxn/stability of ankle.

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16
Q

lateral malleolous

A

distal end of fibula

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17
Q

is the distal end of tibia or fibula larger?

A

tibia!

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18
Q

which bone of lower limb gets low blood supply

A

tibia

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19
Q

how many bones in ankle (tarsal)

A

7

20
Q

largest bone of tarsal region

A

calcaneous. heel bone

21
Q

which bones does talus articulate with

A

calcaneous, navicular, tibia, fibula

22
Q

which bones does calcaneous aritulate with

A

talus, cuboid (anterior surface)

23
Q

what bones are in front of navicular

A

cuneiforms. differentiated from medial to lateral (medial cuneiform, intermediate cuneifrom, lateral cuneiform)

24
Q

what type of bones are metatarsals

A

long

25
Q

how to differentiate metatarsal

A

from medial to lateral

26
Q

what is proximal end of metatarsal or phalanges called

A

base

27
Q

what is distal end of metatarsal or phalanges called

A

head

28
Q

how many phalanges do toes have

A

3: proximal, middle, distal
except toe has 2

29
Q

what type of bones are phalanges

A

long

30
Q
A

ilium

31
Q
A

ischium

32
Q
A

pubis

33
Q
A

acetabulum- point of fusion btw ilium, ischium, pubis
*articulates with head of femur

34
Q

what is the green dotted line? what is arrow pointing to?

A

green: iliac crest
arrow: obturator foramen. attachment site for muscle

35
Q

What is PSIS? PIIS?

A

posterior superior iliac spine
posterior inferior iliac spine

(smaller than ASIS)

36
Q

what is the notch below PIIS

A

greater sciatic notch. turns into a foramen by a ligament, lots of structures pass thru here

37
Q

what is ASIS?? AIIS?

A

anterior superior iliac spine
anterior inferior iliac spine
bigger than PSIS

38
Q
A

ischial spine

39
Q
A

ischial tuberosity
what u sit on!

40
Q
A

pubic crest

41
Q

what is blacked out?

A

medial border

42
Q
A

auricular surface. Articulates with auricular surface of sacrum. Make sacroiliac joint

43
Q
A

superior pubic ramus

44
Q
A

body of pubis

45
Q
A

ischiopubic ramus

CAPS391 Winter 2024 Review (29 decks)

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