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Biomechanics 2241 > LECTURE #5 - linear kinematics > Flashcards

LECTURE #5 - linear kinematics Flashcards

1
Q

what is kinematics ?

A

description of the spatial and temporal components of motion

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2
Q

what do kinematics involves ?

A

involves position, velocity and acceleration of a body without considering the forces that cause these motions

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3
Q

what are two qualities of kinematics ?

A

scalar and vector

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4
Q

what is scalar ?

A

fully described by their amount of magnitude

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5
Q

what are some examples of scalar ?

A

distance, time and position

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6
Q

what is vector ?

A

described by both magnitude and direction

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7
Q

what are examples of vector ?

A

displacement, velocity, acceleration

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8
Q

what are three types of motion ?

A
  • linear motion
  • angular motion
  • general motion
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9
Q

what is linear motion ?

A

translation

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10
Q

what is angular motion ?

A

rotation

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11
Q

what is general motion ?

A

combination of translation and rotation

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12
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

linear motion could also be something that is curved

A

TRUE

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13
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

is linear motion moving along a straight pathway

A

TRUE

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14
Q

rectilinear and curvilinear are examples of what kind of motion ?

A

linear motion

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15
Q

what is rectilinear motion ?

A

one-dimensional motion along a straight line

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16
Q

what is curvilinear motion ?

A

The motion of an object moving in a curved path is called curvilinear motion

17
Q

what are examples of rectilinear (linear motion) ?

A
  • box pushed along ground
  • COM path during : 100m sprint, ice skating, skateboard and bicycling
18
Q

what does COM stand for ?

A

centre of mass

19
Q

what are examples of curvilinear (linear motion) ?

A
  • path pf ball in air
  • COM path during : long jump, diver, gymnast
20
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

in angular motion, some points travel a further distance

A

TRUE

21
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

in angular motion, one side is fixed and one arm can move around it

A

TRUE

22
Q

what is general motion ?

A

combination of linear and angular motion

23
Q

what is the most common type of motion in sports and human movements ?

A

general motion

24
Q

what are some examples of angular motion :

A
  • gymnast swinging around Hugh bar
  • joint mouton
  • ball spinning in air
  • diver (spinning)
25
Q

what are some examples of general motion :

A
  • ball in air
  • diver
  • sprinter
26
Q

in regards to general motion, with the example of ball in air; is path of ball curvilinear or angular ?

A

curvilinear

27
Q

for a sprinter in regards to general motion, is path of COM curvilinear or angular ?

A

curvilinear

28
Q

for a sprinter in regards to general motion, is joint motion curvilinear or angular ?

A

angular

29
Q

in regards to general motion, with the example of ball in air; is spinning ball curvilinear or angular ?

A

angular

30
Q

what are the three points of reference system of position in regards to Cartesian (rectangular) coordinate system ?

A
  • fixed point (origin)
  • axes are perpendicular
  • 2D or 3D system
31
Q

in 2D systems between x and y axes which is horizontal/vertical ?

A

x = horizontal
y = vertical

32
Q

how many steps are there to measuring motion ?

A

4

33
Q

what are the steps to measuring motion ?

A
  • assume body is a rigid structure
  • place markers on body segments
  • record motion
  • digitize markers relative to coordinate system (one frame at a time)
34
Q

what is step #1 of measuring motion ?

A

assume body is a rigid structure

35
Q

what is step #2 of measuring motion ?

A

place markers on body segments

36
Q

what is step #3 of measuring motion ?

A

record motion

37
Q

what is step #4 of measuring motion ?

A

digitize markers relative to coordinate system

38
Q

what were two in class examples we say of 3D coordinate systems ?

A

avatar and NBA 2k15

Biomechanics 2241 (21 decks)

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