Lecture 5: Leadership

Question 1

Leadership

Answer 1

• The process of influencing the activities of an
organized group in its efforts toward goal setting and
goal achievement.
• There is no leadership without followers!

Question 2

Manager

Answer 2

Do things right.
Maintain order and stability.
Is a technician, administrator, and problem solver.
Establish plans and budgets, monitors and controls, …

Question 3

Leader

Answer 3

Do the right thing.
• Are visionaries, 
drive new
initiatives.
• Is a prophet, 
catalyst, mover-
shaker, strategist.
• Inspires, 
generates
positive change, 
...

Question 4

The trait theory

Answer 4

There is one best way to lead; personality traits allow certain people to master the best way.

• Based on the „great man theory“.
• Great men are born leaders, they have built in qualities, they take the power regardless of the context.

Question 5

Glass ceiling

Answer 5

stops women from reaching roles higher up the hierarchical ladder

Question 6

Glass cliff

Answer 6

promoting women to high risk positions, being set up to fail.

Question 7

Difference bewteen men and women

Question 8

Consideration leadership theory

Answer 8

Focus on relationships and employees‘ social needs.

Question 9

Initiating structure leadership theory

Answer 9

Focus on tasks and jobs at hand.

Question 10

Contingency theory

Answer 10

there is no one-fit-all. Leaders adjust their behavior depending on the context.

Question 11

Structured vs. Unstructured task theory

Answer 11

• Based on the task, leader‘s power, and leader-follower relationship
• Leaders have to change the context.

Question 12

Situational leadership theory

Answer 12

• Task behavior and supportive behavior.

* Leaders can adapt their style.

Question 13

Transformational leadership

Answer 13

• Inspire others to perform.

Question 14

Transactional leadership

Answer 14

• Leadership is a function of exchange

Question 15

Distributed/shared leadership

Answer 15

• The leadership role is distributed among various people.

Question 16

Why should organizations change?

Answer 16

• Environment changes
• Customer, supplier demands, new technology, …
• External or internal triggers

Question 17

Acceleration trap

Answer 17

• Constant change lead to corporate burnout

Question 18

Coping cycle

Answer 18

• An emotional response to change

* Ideal model

Question 19

Yerkes-Dodson law

Answer 19

• Task performance increases with

arousal, stimulation and pressure

Question 20

Classical decision theory

Answer 20

• We are objective
• We have complete information and we consider all options and their
consequences

Question 21

Rational model of decision making

Answer 21

• Decision making is a rational process
• It consists of several steps that lead to a desired
outcome

Question 22

Bounded rationality

Answer 22

rely on limited information, reflects time constraints

and political considerations

Question 23

Decision making bias

Question 24

Is group decision making better than the individual?

•

Answer 24

• Average quality of a group decision is higher than a decision made by an
individual.
• Average quality of a group decision is lower than the one of a most
capable individual member in the group.
• It depends on the task and individuals in a group.

Question 25

Group polarization

Answer 25

position that is held on an issue is intensified due to the discussion in
the group.

Question 26

Risky shift

Answer 26

Tendency of the groups to make riskier

decisions than an individual would.

Question 27

Caution shift

Answer 27

Tendency of the groups to make more

risk averse decisions than an individual.

Question 28

Groupthink

Answer 28

Individuals accept a viewpoint of the group even if they do not agree.